Question:
Swollen, friable, dark red or black colored liver (bronze colored) is observed as a constant feature of which of the following disease of broilers?
Swollen, friable, dark red or black colored liver (bronze colored) is observed as a constant feature of which of the following disease of broilers?
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To differentiate Salmonella infections in poultry:
- Fowl Typhoid (Salmonella Gallinarum) \(\rightarrow\) Acute septicemia in adults/broilers with a classic bronze liver.
- Pullorum Disease (Salmonella Pullorum) \(\rightarrow\) Bacillary white diarrhea in young chicks with high mortality.
- Fowl Typhoid (Salmonella Gallinarum) \(\rightarrow\) Acute septicemia in adults/broilers with a classic bronze liver.
- Pullorum Disease (Salmonella Pullorum) \(\rightarrow\) Bacillary white diarrhea in young chicks with high mortality.
Updated On: Jul 14, 2026
- Fowl Typhoid
- Pullorum Disease
- Avian Leucosis Complex
- Infectious Bursal Disease
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The Correct Option is A
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Systemic bacterial infections in poultry cause characteristic lesions in the liver, as it is a major filtering organ for portal circulation.
The presence of a bronze-colored or greenish-bronze liver is a specific diagnostic hallmark of an acute septicemic disease in birds.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Fowl Typhoid is an acute or chronic septicemic disease of chickens and turkeys.
It is caused by the bacterium Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Gallinarum.
In adult birds and broilers, the acute form of the disease causes rapid mortality.
On post-mortem examination, the characteristic lesion is a swollen, friable liver that develops a dark red, brown, or classic greenish-bronze color upon exposure to air.
This bronze coloration is caused by severe hepatic congestion, diffuse parenchymal necrosis, and accumulation of bile pigments due to liver damage and hemolysis.
Let us review the other options:
- Pullorum Disease (caused by Salmonella Pullorum) primarily affects young chicks (under 3 weeks of age) and presents with white diarrhea and greyish necrotic nodules in the lungs, gizzard, and heart, but not a bronze liver in adults.
- Avian Leucosis Complex causes tumorous, solid, white-to-grey nodules of neoplastic lymphoid cells in the liver and spleen.
- Infectious Bursal Disease (IBD) causes muscular hemorrhages and edema, congestion, or hemorrhage of the bursa of Fabricius.
Step 3: Final Answer:
A swollen, friable, bronze-colored liver is a characteristic feature of Fowl Typhoid.
Systemic bacterial infections in poultry cause characteristic lesions in the liver, as it is a major filtering organ for portal circulation.
The presence of a bronze-colored or greenish-bronze liver is a specific diagnostic hallmark of an acute septicemic disease in birds.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Fowl Typhoid is an acute or chronic septicemic disease of chickens and turkeys.
It is caused by the bacterium Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Gallinarum.
In adult birds and broilers, the acute form of the disease causes rapid mortality.
On post-mortem examination, the characteristic lesion is a swollen, friable liver that develops a dark red, brown, or classic greenish-bronze color upon exposure to air.
This bronze coloration is caused by severe hepatic congestion, diffuse parenchymal necrosis, and accumulation of bile pigments due to liver damage and hemolysis.
Let us review the other options:
- Pullorum Disease (caused by Salmonella Pullorum) primarily affects young chicks (under 3 weeks of age) and presents with white diarrhea and greyish necrotic nodules in the lungs, gizzard, and heart, but not a bronze liver in adults.
- Avian Leucosis Complex causes tumorous, solid, white-to-grey nodules of neoplastic lymphoid cells in the liver and spleen.
- Infectious Bursal Disease (IBD) causes muscular hemorrhages and edema, congestion, or hemorrhage of the bursa of Fabricius.
Step 3: Final Answer:
A swollen, friable, bronze-colored liver is a characteristic feature of Fowl Typhoid.
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