List of top Questions asked in CBSE CLASS XII

Explain the following steps in the staffing process :

(i) Estimating manpower requirements

(ii) Selection

(iii) Placement and orientation

Explain the following types of plans :

(i) Objective

(ii) Method

‘GW Industries’, known for its paper products, decided to produce and launch a new line of sustainable packaging called ‘EcoPac’.

As management is a complex activity, the Chief Executive Officer of the company translated the work into clear goals and assigned the means to achieve those. He knew that human resources are the greatest asset of an organization, so getting work done through them is also a major task. The production of high quality sustainable packaging also required a proper production process. This was put in place for managing the flow of input materials and technology to convert these materials into high quality sustainable packaging.

In this way ‘GW industries’ took care of various aspects for successful launch of ‘EcoPac’.

A characteristic of management is discussed in the above case. Identify and explain the characteristic.

‘Eco Care’, a start-up, plans to launch a reusable water bottle for environmentally conscious millennials and Gen Z. For this, they conducted a market research to identify the needs of the customers so that an informed decision could be taken for successful marketing of the product. They wanted to work carefully on the design to make the bottle attractive to the target customers.

On the basis of consumer views and opinions, they developed a stylish stainless steel bottle with double wall insulation to keep beverages cold for 24 hours, giving it a competitive advantage in the market.

They named the bottle ‘Eco-Sip’ creating a brand identity focused on sustainability and simplicity. It would also help in product differentiation. The packaging was made using hundred percent recyclable cardboard, with details of sustainability, features, price etc. printed on it.

State the four functions of marketing that are carried out by ‘Eco Care’ in the above case.

Explain the following points of importance of planning :

(i) Planning establishes standards for controlling

(ii) Planning reduces overlapping and wasteful activities

Rajiv was on the board of directors of ‘Tako Solutions’, a software development company and ‘Sabka Mart Retail’, a large supermarket chain. He wanted to apply management principles in both the companies to improve efficiency and profitability.

He knew that management principles can be applied as much to ‘Tako Solutions’ as to ‘Sabka Mart Retail’ though the extent to which the principles can be applied will differ, because the nature of work, scale of operations and business activities in a software firm and a supermarket chain are not the same.

Rajiv also knew that the management principles would not provide readymade solutions because real world situations faced by the two companies were very complex and dynamic. Still, he believed that even small guidelines could help in solving many problems and will improve the way both companies worked.

Identify and explain the two points that highlight the nature of principles of management, in the above case.

Explain the following non-financial incentives :

(i) Status

(ii) Organisational climate

(iii) Job security

‘Koka Manufacturing Ltd.’ is a large scale manufacturer in the electronics industry. In this industry assets are prone to obsolescence and their replacement becomes due faster with change in technology. The company is constantly under pressure to upgrade its machinery and equipment as it would help company to stay competitive, improve its product quality and reduce production costs. So instead of purchasing the machinery, company decides to lease the required machinery, giving it flexibility to upgrade equipment at the end of lease term. This helps company to maintain operational efficiency, technological competitiveness and financial flexibility.

Identify and explain four factors that would affect the fixed capital requirements of ‘Koka Manufacturing Ltd.’.

State any three functions of middle level management.

‘Soal Footwear Ltd.’ is known for its high quality athletic shoes and casual sneakers. With increasing competition and changing consumer preferences, it decided to diversify its product range by adding clothing, bags and accessories under the same brand umbrella. This diversification aimed to capture a larger share of the market and increase customer loyalty.

(i) Suggest with reason which type of organisational structure will be suitable for ‘Soal Footwear Ltd.’

(ii) State any two advantages of the organisational structure suggested in (i) above.

‘Sheetal Cosmetics Ltd.’, is a fast growing beauty and skin care company known for its innovative products and aggressive market expansion. As the company increased its marketing activities like new product launches, accelerated advertising campaigns, social media promotions and influencer collaborations etc., the workload of the marketing department grew sharply. Despite working long hours, the marketing manager Arjun couldn’t give adequate attention to strategic planning and high impact decisions as minor operational issues began consuming most of his time. Noticing this, the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) advised Arjun that it was now impractical for him to handle the entire volume of work alone, so he should allow his subordinates to take up routine tasks. This would not only help him manage his time better but also satisfy the subordinate’s need for recognition. This will also provide opportunities to the subordinates to develop and exercise initiative.

(i) Identify the concept suggested by CEO that will help Arjun to manage volume of work effectively.

(ii) State any three points of importance of the concept identified in (i) above.

State any three features of ‘Demonetisation’.

State any three measures to improve communication effectiveness.

‘Riya Mart’ is a company manufacturing disposable crockery. They have been in business for the past five years, but were not earning good profits. Concerned about this, the Chief Executive Officer (CEO), Verma, ordered an internal audit. The audit uncovered several issues like inventory pilferage, employees coming late and their performance not upto the mark. To stop inventory pilferage, Verma, the CEO, introduced surprise stock checks and installed an automated inventory management system to track stock movements. A biometric attendance system was also setup to keep a check on employees coming late. In addition to this, to motivate employees for better performance, they were told in advance what they are expected to do and what are their standards of performance. As a result of these steps, the inventory pilferage reduced, employees became more punctual and their performance improved.

(i) Identify and state the function of management performed by Verma, the Chief Executive Officer of the company.

(ii) State any two points of importance of the function identified in (i) above, which are not discussed in the above para.

State any three features of leadership.

‘Certain provisions of the Companies Act place restrictions on payouts as dividend. Such provisions must be adhered to while declaring the dividend.’

The factor affecting dividend decision discussed above is :

Read the following statements carefully :

Statement – I : Control should focus on key result areas which are critical to the success of an organization.

Statement – II : Only significant deviations which go beyond the permissible limit should be brought to the notice of management.

With reference to the given statements, choose the correct alternative from the following :

Which of the following is NOT an organisational barrier to communication ?

The step of controlling process which reveals the deviation between actual performance and desired results is :

Match the principle of management given in Column – I with its explanation given in Column – II :

Choose the correct option from the following :

(a) (b) (c) (d)

Identify the feature of planning which states that the purpose of planning is to meet future events effectively to the best advantage of an organisation :

Identify the incorrect statement with respect to the importance of planning function of management :

Organising is the process that initiates implementation of plans by clarifying jobs and working relationships and effectively deploying resources for attainment of identified and desired results.

Organising process thus involves a series of steps that need to be taken in order to achieve the desired goal.

Arrange the steps of the process of organizing in the correct order :

‘Business environment keeps on changing whether in terms of technological improvement, shifts in consumer preferences or entry of new competitors in the market.’

The feature of business environment highlighted in the above statement is :

A position when a company is unable to meet its fixed financial charges like interest payment, dividend on preference shares and repayment obligations is referred to as ______ .