Question:
Zooni has just joined a new school and she wants to make new friends. She loves to share her photos and videos on social media. One day, she started getting messages from a stranger that made her uncomfortable. That person was also aware of her entire routine --- where she was going and what she was doing. Zooni felt that the stranger was always watching her as she was receiving hundreds of such messages.
What type of cybercrime is being referred to in this situation? Which law governs such crimes in India?
Zooni has just joined a new school and she wants to make new friends. She loves to share her photos and videos on social media. One day, she started getting messages from a stranger that made her uncomfortable. That person was also aware of her entire routine --- where she was going and what she was doing. Zooni felt that the stranger was always watching her as she was receiving hundreds of such messages.
What type of cybercrime is being referred to in this situation? Which law governs such crimes in India?
What type of cybercrime is being referred to in this situation? Which law governs such crimes in India?
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If you or someone you know faces cyberstalking, preserve all evidence by taking screenshots of the messages and profiles, block the sender immediately, and report the case at India's central portal:
Updated On: Jun 29, 2026
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Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Identifying the Cybercrime:
The situation describes a coordinated, repetitive, and unsolicited campaign of online harassment, monitoring, and tracking targeting Zooni. The stranger is tracking her physical whereabouts, monitoring her online social media posts, and sending hundreds of unwanted messages to induce fear and discomfort. This digital behavior is classified as Cyberstalking (a specialized form of cyber-harassment).
Step 2: Indian Legal Frameworks Governing Cyberstalking:
In India, cyberstalking is regulated under both cybersecurity laws and traditional criminal codes:
• Section 354D of the Indian Penal Code (IPC): This is the primary law that criminalizes stalking, including electronic communication. It states that any person who monitors the internet, email, or any other form of electronic communication used by a woman commits the offense of stalking. A first conviction carries a penalty of up to 3 years in prison and a fine.
• The Information Technology (IT) Act, 2000:
• Section 66D: Punishes cheating by personation using computer resources (if the stalker is using a fake profile to interact with her).
• Section 66E: Punishes violations of privacy if the stalker captures or publishes private photos without consent.
• Section 67: Covers punishment for publishing or transmitting obscene materials in electronic form.
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