Two statements labelled as Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are given below. Read them carefully and choose the correct option:
Assertion (A): In the 1850's Awadh was called the ‘nursery of the Bengal Army'.
Reason (R): Here a large number of sepoys were recruited from entire India.
Assertion (A): In the 1850's Awadh was called the ‘nursery of the Bengal Army'.
Reason (R): Here a large number of sepoys were recruited from entire India.
Show Hint
- Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explation of Assertion (A).
- Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explation of Assertion (A).
- Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
- Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.
The Correct Option is C
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Evaluating the validity of Assertion (A).
During the decades leading up to 1857, Awadh was famously desigted as the "nursery of the Bengal Army." This nickme arose because a massive proportion of the high-caste Hindu (mainly Rajput and Brahmin) and Muslim soldiers who staffed the British East India Company's Bengal Presidency units came precisely from the villages and towns of Awadh. Therefore, Assertion (A) is historically accurate and true.
Step 2: Evaluating the validity of Reason (R).
The provided Reason claims that sepoys were recruited from "entire India" into Awadh. This statement is fundamentally incorrect. The sepoys in the Bengal Army units recruited from Awadh were overwhelmingly local inhabitants of Awadh and neighboring regions of North India (like Bihar and the North-Western Provinces), not from all over India. The localized ture of recruitment meant that political and economic disturbances within Awadh directly reverberated through the ranks of the military. Since the reason contains an incorrect factual claim, Reason (R) is false.
Step 3: Formulating the fil conclusion.
Since Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false, the appropriate choice is Option (C).
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- Which one of the following policies by the British led to discontent among Indian soldiers, contributing to the Revolt of 1857?
Read the given source carefully and answer the questions that follow:
Two rebels of 1857
Shah MalShah Mal lived in a large village in pargana Barout in Uttar Pradesh. He belonged to a clan of Jat cultivators whose kinship ties extended over chaurasee des (eighty-four villages). The lands in the region were irrigated and fertile, with rich dark loam soil. Many of the villagers were prosperous and saw the British land revenue system as oppressive: the revenue demand was high and its collection inflexible. Consequently cultivators were losing land to outsiders, to traders and moneylenders who were coming into the area.
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Shah Mal was killed in battle in July 1857.
How did Shah Mal’s leadership contribute to the spread of the rebellion?
Read the given source carefully and answer the questions that follow:
Two rebels of 1857
Shah MalShah Mal lived in a large village in pargana Barout in Uttar Pradesh. He belonged to a clan of Jat cultivators whose kinship ties extended over chaurasee des (eighty-four villages). The lands in the region were irrigated and fertile, with rich dark loam soil. Many of the villagers were prosperous and saw the British land revenue system as oppressive: the revenue demand was high and its collection inflexible. Consequently cultivators were losing land to outsiders, to traders and moneylenders who were coming into the area.
Shah Mal mobilised the headmen and cultivators of chaurasee des, moving at night from village to village, urging people to rebel against the British. As in many other places, the revolt against the British turned into a general rebellion against all signs of oppression and injustice. Cultivators left their fields and plundered the houses of moneylenders and traders. Displaced proprietors took possession of the lands they had lost. Shah Mal’s men attacked government buildings, destroyed the bridge over the river, and dug up metalled roads – partly to prevent government forces from coming into the area, and partly because bridges and roads were seen as symbols of British rule. They sent supplies to the sepoys who had mutinied in Delhi and stopped all official communication between British headquarters and Meerut. Locally acknowledged as the Raja, Shah Mal took over the bungalow of an English officer, turned it into a “hall of justice”, settling disputes and dispensing judgments. He also set up an amazingly effective network of intelligence. For a period the people of the area felt that firangi raj was over, and their raj had come.
Shah Mal was killed in battle in July 1857.
How did the rebellion led by Shah Mal challenge the authority of the British?
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