Question

‘‘The Royal Centre of Vijayanagara comprised a variety of buildings that reflected the prestige of the empire.’’ Explain the statement with examples.

Hint:

• Unlike temples made of stone, many secular buildings were made of perishable materials like wood and plaster, which is why only the stone foundations remain.
• The use of mortar and domes in the Royal Centre was a sign of technological exchange with northern neighbors.

Answer 1

Concept:

• The Royal Centre was located in the southwestern part of the settlement and contained over 60 temples and about 30 palaces.
• These secular and ceremonial structures were built using a mix of traditional granite and Indo-Islamic features, symbolizing the cosmopolitan nature of the state.

Step 1: The Mahanavami Dibba: A platform of power
One of the most impressive structures is the Mahanavami Dibba, a massive stone platform nearly 40 feet high.
It was the center of a grand 10-day state ceremony during the Mahanavami (Dussehra) festival. The Raya (King) would receive tributes from subordinate chiefs, watch military parades, and perform rituals here, making it a physical representation of imperial hierarchy and power.

Step 2: The Lotus Mahal and Indo-Islamic Synthesis
The Lotus Mahal, so named by 19th-century British travelers, is a beautiful two-storied structure that likely served as a council chamber for the king and his advisors.
It features arches and domes that show a strong influence of Islamic architectural styles from the neighboring Sultanates. This synthesis reflected the prestige of an empire that was not isolated but was a major player in the wider Deccan political landscape.

Step 3: The Elephant Stables and Hazara Rama Temple
The Elephant Stables, located near the Lotus Mahal, consisted of 11 large domed chambers to house royal elephants, further emphasizing the military might of the Raya.
The Hazara Rama Temple was another key building in the royal enclosure, intended only for the king and his family. Its walls are decorated with relief sculptures of scenes from the Ramayana and processions of soldiers and musicians, celebrating the divine associations of the monarchy.