The ISO – OSI (International Organization for Standardization – Open Systems Interconnection) model is a conceptual framework used to understand and implement network protocols in seven distinct layers, not eight. These seven layers are:
Physical Layer
Data Link Layer
Network Layer
Transport Layer
Session Layer
Presentation Layer
Application Layer
Each layer serves a specific function and communicates with the layers directly above and below it. The 7-layer OSI model helps standardize network communication and interoperability.
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