Question

Explain the third stage of demographic transition theory on the basis of birth rate, death rate and population growth.

Hint:

Remember: Stage III is defined by balance: Low Birth Rate + Low Death Rate = Stable Population.

Answer 1

Step 1: Concept
The Demographic Transition Theory and its specific stages.

Step 2: Meaning
Stage III represents the final phase of the transition model, characterizing a developed and industrialized society.

Step 3: Analysis

• Birth Rate: The birth rate declines significantly. Society becomes highly urbanized and literate, leading to a deliberate control of family size.
• Death Rate: The death rate remains low and stable due to advanced medical facilities, high technical know-how, and excellent sanitation.
• Population Growth: Because both the birth rate and the death rate are low, the natural rate of increase is minimal. The population either becomes stable or grows very slowly.

Step 4: Conclusion
In the third stage, low fertility and low mortality rates bring an end to the population explosion, resulting in a stable demographic profile.