Question:

Assertion (A): Components of azeotropes are easily separated by fractional distillation.
Reason (R): Components of an azeotrope have same composition in liquid and vapour phase.

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An azeotrope is a constant boiling mixture in which the liquid and the vapour have exactly the same composition, so the Reason is true.
Updated On: Jun 16, 2026
  • Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of the Assertion (A).
  • Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of the Assertion (A).
  • Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
  • Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.
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The Correct Option is D

Solution and Explanation

Concept: An azeotrope is a constant boiling mixture in which the liquid and the vapour have exactly the same composition, so the Reason is true. Fractional distillation works only when the vapour is richer in one component than the liquid; since an azeotrope boils with identical liquid and vapour composition, distillation cannot change the composition and the components cannot be separated by fractional distillation. Therefore the Assertion is false.
Answer: Option (D) - the Assertion is false because azeotropes cannot be separated by fractional distillation, while the Reason is true since their liquid and vapour have the same composition.
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