List of top English Questions

It depends on who is giving the rating: Centre on India's rank in press freedom index
KRISHNADAS RAJAGOPAL, NEW DELHI
Solicitor-General Tushar Mehta, appearing for the government in the Supreme Court on Tuesday, made light of India's fall to 161st position in press freedom ranking, saying "that depends on who is giving the rating. I can have my own forum and give India the first rating".
The remake was in response to the Supreme Court's observation that India has fallen to the 161st position out of 180 countries in the World Press Freedom Index published by the non-profit organization, reporters Without Borders. In 2022, India was ranked at 150.
India is ranked behind countries such as Afghanistan, Pakistan and Somalia. "India is 161 in ranking in journalistic freedom," Justice K.M. Joseph, addressed the Union and Gujarat government, represented by Mr. Mehta during a hearing in the Billkis Bano case.
HEARING ON JULY 10
Change between Justice Joseph and Mr. Meht came while the Supreme Court ordered the publication of a notice giving the details of the case and the next date of court hearing, July 10, in two vernacular papers in Gujarat to alert those unserved among the 11 convicts who were released prematurely from their life imprisonment. They had been found guilty of the gang rape of Ms. Bano and the murder of her family members. Ms. Banop and other writ petitioners have separately challenged their remission. 
The hearing, at one point, saw the Supreme Court wonder whether some of the released convicts were making a "mockery" of or even "playing" with the court by either going incognito to hamper the serving of notice of the case on them or seeking time to file counter affidavits. Previous hearings have been a no go with lawyers for the men seeking adjournment on procedural grounds. 
The court decided to publish the notice in the newspapers so that the convicts would not take the plea of ignorance and the case could go ahead and be heard on merits.

The SC said, "Postings within the state cadre as well as joint cadre of a constituent state shall be made by the government of that state', that is, by the duly elected government. In our case, it shall be the government of NCTD. We, accordingly, hold that references to 'state government in relevant rules of All India Services or joint cadre services, of which NCTD is a part or which are in relation to NCTD, shall mean the government of NCTD."
CJI Chandrachud said this case dealt with the asymmetric federal model of governance in India involving the contest of power between a Union Territory and the Union government. The issue was who would have control over 'services in NCTD a government of the NCTD or the LG acting on behalf of the Union government a question which arose subsequent to a May 21, 2015, notification by the Union ministry of home affairs that gave the upper hand to the centre on 'services' in relation to the government of NCTD.
While ruling that Delhi government had legislative and executive power over services except on land, police and public order, the bench, importantly, said GNCTD being one of its kind (sui generis") Union Territory, parliament would have overriding legislative power over all subjects in list 2 (which are exclusive domains of state legislatures) and Last 3 (Concurrent List subjects on which both parliament and assemblies can legislate with primacy given to parliament enacted laws). This means, if the Delhi assembly enacts any law on any subject, parliament can pass a law "adding, amending and repealing" the legislation passed by the Delhi assembly.
Dwelling on federalism and responsibilities of an elected government, the CJI said, "In a democratic form of government, the real power of administration must reside in the elected arm of the state, subject to the confines of the constitution. A constitutionally entrenched and democratically elected government needs to have control over its administration. If a democratically elected government is not provided with the power to control the officers posted within its domain, then the principle underlying the triple chain of collective responsibility would become redundant." It explained the triple chains as civil service officers being accountable to ministers, ministers being accountable to parliament/legislature and parliament/legislature being accountable to the electorate.
"That is to say, if the government is not able to control and hold to account the officers posted in its service, then its responsibility towards the legislature as well as the public is diluted. The principle of collective responsibility extends to the responsibility of officers, who in turn report to the ministers." the SC said.
Taking into account the AAP government's allegation that bureaucrats were not listening to ministers in the elected government because of the centre's interference, the five- judge bench said, "If the officers stop reporting to the ministers or do not abide by their directions, the entire principle of collective responsibility is affected.
"A democratically elected government can perform only when there is an awareness on the the part of officers of the consequences which may ensue if they do not perform. If the officers feel that they are insulated from the control of the elected government which they are serving, then they become unaccountable or may not show commitment towards their performance."
Explaining the risks of an unaccountable bureaucracy in a democratic form of governance where accountability is well defined under the triple chain of command, the bench said, "An unaccountable and non-responsive civil service may pose a serious problem of governance in a democracy. It creates a possibility that the permanent executive, consisting of unelected civil service officers, who play a decisive role in implementation of government policy, may act in ways that disregard the will of the electorate."

Unfortunately ____ to often one of our players gives the ball away.

Fill in the blanks with appropriate preposition from the options given below:
Sitting _______ a heap ______ rubble, holding placards, Rena Sharma and Kanika Das have started their hunger strike ______ protest or the Archeological Survey of India's demolition drive in Tughlaquabad.

The most suitable antonym of the given word 'Retaliation'.

Trying to do the impossible, often so as to help others, while getting oneself into danger

Match List I with List II :

List I		List II
A.	I didn't know that she had been married since she seldom talked about herself	I.	Adverb clause of conversion
B.	She said that I will have to go to Mumbai	II.	Adjective Clause
C.	Maria bought some flowers which she wanted to give her mother	III.	Noun Clause
D.	To every child, approval means love, whereas disapproval means hate	IV.	Adverb Clause of Reason

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

"The success rate of transplants with living donors is higher than with brain-dead donors.' Unlike in western countries where cadaver donor transplantation is predominant, in India there has been a rise of living liver donors". Living donors or liver transplant (LDLT) can save patients with locally advanced liver cancer and acute liver failure though deceased donor liver transplant (DDLT) in not suitable for most patients. LDLT can be done as soon as a family member is found fit to donate a part of the liver, while DDLT requires waiting in India for 6-18 months." Dr. S.K. Sarin, Director, Institution of Liver and Biliary Science, said, "A deceased donor is mostly preferred because of the risks to a living donor. But when the requirement is for, say 2,000 donors, we get just 300-400 deceased donors. But even with non-living donors, there are challenges, often even people aged 35 are obese or consume alcohol in large amounts. More than 60% of the donors are wives or mothers".
As per government rule, the donor has to be a first degree relative of the recipient, that is a husband, wife, brother, sister, father, mother, son or daughter. A healthy living donor can donate up to 60% of the liver, which grows back to normal size in 4-6 weeks.
"In north India, DDLT constitutes 3-4% of transplants, while in South India, it is higher at 10-15 %. Overall, 92% of recipients recover well, said Dr. Neerav Goyal of Apollo Hospitals. "The recipient goes on long term immuno-suppressant medications, usually life-long." Liver transplants do have some risks. "A thrombus may form in the blood vessels during the surgical process. The liver can also be rejected by the patient's body", pointed out Dr. Bhushan Bhole, senior consultant, GI surgery and liver transplantation, PSRI Hospital "A donated organ acts as a foreign organ and the body may not accept it."
Liver failure occurs due to non-alcoholic cirrhosis, alcoholic liver diseases, Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C. Another factor is acute liver failure in a short time due to Hepatitis A and E drug toxicity due to anti-TB medicines.
Post-transplant care involves regular blood tests and lifelong administration of medicines to prevent transplant rejection. These costs around Rs. 5,000 a month. But despite the need for long-term medication and regular follows ups, liver transplant recipients have an excellent quantity of life and a normal life expectancy. "More than 250 patients I know have lived 15-25 years after transplant, some of the little kids we transplanted have now become doctors, lawyers and sportspersons got married and have children of their own." smiled Arvinder Soin.

I will arise and go now, and go to Innisfree,
And a small cabin build there, of clay and wattles made:
Nine bean rows will I have there, and a hive for the honey-bee,
And live alone in the bee-loud glade.
And I shall have some peace there, for peace come dropping slow,
Dropping from the veils of the morning to where the cricket sings:
There midnight's all a glimmer, and noon a purple glow,
And evening full of the linnet's wings.
I will arise and go now, for always night and day
I hear lake water lapping with low sounds by the shore:
While I stand on the roadway, or on the pavements grey,
I hear it in the deep heart's core.

Captain Vs Generals
Pak army doesn't want to take over govt but it doesn't know how post-Imran-arrest protest will pan out
Following Imran Khan's dramatic arrest on Tuesday, Pakistan's 'polycrisis' has not only deepened but also morphed into a systemic question for that country. There can be no doubting that the manner of khan's arrest - it is the paramilitary Rangers that picked him up from the premises of the Islamabad high court was meant to send out a clear message to the former Pakistani PM: that he had crossed a red line by repeatedly pointing fingers at Pakistan's military-security establishment. But Khan has emerged as the most popular Pakistani leader in over a decade. And his refusal to play by the army's hybrid regime playbook has brought Pakistan to an inflection point.
As protests by Khan's PTI supporters spread, the hybrid regime is facing its sternest test. By all accounts the Shehbaz Sharif government wants to delay national polls scheduled for later this year.. It hopes this will take the wind out of Khan's political sails as cases pile up against him-the latest being the indictment in the Toshakhana case. But if the protests sustain, army chief Asim Munir would be forced to make a tough choice either directly step in and take control or put at risk the army's pre-eminent position in Pakistani society. The generals have played the role of Pakistan's stabiliser for decades, notwithstanding messy outcomes.
However, another military takeover would be tricky today's geopolitical climate. Pakistan's salience in international politics has rapidly declined over the last decade, particularly after the US withdrawal from Afghanistan. True, china is still a benefactor through its CPEC projects. But that closely tracks Beijing's strategic and mercantilist interests. Therefore, without US backing, a Pakistan under generals would likely be shut out from IMF bailouts its dysfunctional economy needs desperately - forex reserves are still paltry, inflation is climbing and there's widespread general hardship.
Thus, General Munir will try his best to sustain the hybrid regime. He may even choose to allow the protests to continue till calls for more robust intervention arise. But popular movements are unpredictable. While we are not there yet, India should watch out for cracks in the Pakistani military establishment. Pakistan in utter chaos is not good news for India.

According to Longinus, which two of the following qualities apply to 'Great Poetry'?
A. It must be the work of a genius, an inspired person.
B. It must cause a feeling of melancholy in the reader.
C. It must employ devices of rhetoric.
D. It must please selectively and on special occasions.

"Close reading" is the term often used to describes the method of ____ .

According to Longinus, sublimity is a certain loftiness and excellence in the use of ____ .

Milton's 'Lycidas' is ____ .

In Dryden's An Essay of Dramatic Poesy, who defended the English plays?

Interpellation, according to Althusser, is a process by which a concrete individual becomes a concrete ____ .

Graveyard Poets' is a term applied to:

Which of the following groups of words are related to each other?

Arrange the following steps required for effective forecasting in a sequence ?
A. Determine the time period of forecast.
B. Identify the objectives for which forecasting is done.
C. Collect the data required.
D. Select the right forecasting method in line with objectives and time frame.
E. Implement the results for decision making and periodically evaluates the forecasting and revise. if required.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

What is the correct sequence of competitive market structure as per highest degree of competition among the firms :
A. Monopoly market
B. Monopolistic competition market.
C. Perfect competition market.
D. Oligopoly Market.
E. Duopoly Market.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

Fill in the blank with the suitable preposition:
You have no right to trespass ___ the law of the land.

The three sources of the Indian thought in the nineteenth century may be mentioned here. The first was of course the impact of English thought. Unlike the previous rulers the English did not settle in India. They kept their links with home. Some of the rulers had respect for India's had respect for India's traditions. But most of them followed Macaulay's famous minutes of 1832, and worked for the transformation of Indian society in the image of Western Society. Bentinck, for instance thought that the primary objective of the British rule was the interest in Indians, viz., "improvement in their conditions". He declared, "I write and feel as a legislator for the Hindus, and as I believe many enlightened Hindus thing and feel so." Through the introduction of English system of education, the British not only transmitted the culture and temper of the European Renaissance and the Reformation and the English traditions but, more immediately, the ideas of Bentham, Mill, Carlyle and Coleridge, the amalgam of a defence of private enterprise and collective endeavor, of democracy and rule of law. Benthamism dominated the thought of the new Indian intelligentsia which had come into existence.
But despite all these, the system of education introduced by the British surreptitiously but surely led to a new awareness of the value of liberty, democracy and rule of law in India. It brought into bold relief the fact that the gulf separating the rulers and the ruled was enormous. People began to compare their plight with the affluence in the West. They began to realise what while the British policy alternated between repression and liberalization, it had become a prop for the continuation of despotic rule and feudal fife- styles. It made India, in due course, feel that the British colonisation in India ought to end.

Read the passage carefully and answer the question. All over the world the wild fauna has been whittled down steadily and remorselessly, and many lovely and interesting animals have been so reduced in numbers that, without protection and help, they can never re- establish themselves. If they cannot find sanctuary where they can live and breed undisturbed, their numbers will dwindle until they join the dodo, the quagga, and the great auk on the long list of extinct creatures. Of course, in the last decade or so much has been done for the protection of wild life: sanctuaries and reserves have been started, and the reintroduction of species into areas where it had become extinct is taking place. In Canada, for instance, beavers are now being reintroduced into certain areas by means of aero plane. But although much is being done, there is still a very great deal to do. Unfortunately, the majority of useful work in animal preservation has been done mainly for animals which are of some economic importance to man and there are many obscure species of no economic importance which, although they are protected on paper, are in actual fact being allowed to die out because nobody, except a few interested zoologists, considers them important enough to spend money on. As mankind increases year by year, and as he spreads farther over the globe burning and destroying. it is some small comfort to know that there are certain private individuals and some institutions who consider that the work of trying to save and give sanctuary to these harried animals is of some importance. It is important for many reasons, but perhaps the best of them is this: man for all his genius, cannot create a species, nor can he recreate one he has destroyed. So until we consider animal life to be worthy of the consideration and reverence we bestow upon old books and pictures and historic monuments, there will always be the animal refugee living a precarious life on the edge of extermination, dependent for existence on the charity of a few human beings.

Read the following passageand answer the next five questions by choosing the correct options:-
Kalidasa's status as the major poet and dramatist in classical Sanskrit literature is unquestioned. once: when poets were counted. Kalidasa occupied the little finger: the ring finger remains unnamed true to its name: for his second has not been found. That is high praise. Kalidasa's accomplishment is distinguished not only by the excellence of the individual works. but by the many-sided which the whole achievements displays. He is a dramatist. a writer of epic and a lyric poet of extraordinary scope. In his hands the language attaind a remarkable flexibility. becoming an instrument capable of sounding many moods and nauaces of feeling: a language that is limpid and flowing. musical. uncluttered by the verbal virtuosities indulged in by writters who followed him: yet. remaining a language loaded in every the rift with the rich ores of the literacy and mythical allusiveness of his cultural. heritage By welding different elements to treat new genres. his important as an innovator in the history of Sanskrit literature its clearly eastblished. The brilliant medieval lyric poet. Jayadeva. in praising Kalidasa i-kula-guru (master of Poets). Conveys his recognition of this aspect of the poet greatness. Bana. the celebrated author of the prose-romance kadambari exclaimed.
Who is not delighted when Kalidasa's perfect versa spring forth their sweetness. like honey-filled cluster of flowers?
Thus drawing attention to the exquisite craftsmanship of the poet's verse for nearly two millnuua. Kalidasa's works have been read with deep appreciation widely commented upon and lavishly praised. It would be safe to assume that the poet enjoyed success. fame and affluence during this lifetime. We sense no hint of dissatisfaction in his works, no sign bitterness at not receiving due recognition. Yet, we do not possess any information about him. his life and the times in which that life unfolded and fulfilled itself. All we are left with are a few legends. The poet has drawn as veil of silence round himself so complete that even his real name is unknown to posterity. No name is affixed to the poems and epic: they have come down to us virtually anonymous. What information we possess is derived from references to them by later poets and writers and the commentaries written on them and from inscriptions. The name is met with only in the plays. where in each prologue. die author styles himself as Kalidasa. Like others in Sanskrit literature. this name is descriptive: Vyasa. meaning 'the compile?. is the author of the Mahabharata. Vahniki. he who emerged from the anthil (valmika): of the Ramayana Similarly Kali-dasa means the votary or servant of Kali is time in the feminine (Bala is time): the concept of times as creative principle is an old as Vedas. We can then translate the name Kali-dasa as 'the secant of time. a phrase that prompts us to explore its significance.

Select the most appropriate option from the given alternatives:
It's really something from the past- 
when you and I split up 
without any regrets-
just one thing that I don't quite understand.

When we were saying our farewells 
and our house was up for sale 
the empty pots and pans strewn across the courtyard- 
perhaps they were gazing into our eyes 
and others that were upside down- 
perhaps they were hiding their faces from us. 
A faded vine over the door, 
perhaps it was confiding something to us 
- or grumbling to the faucet. 

Things such as these 
never cross my mind;