Question

Finishes that alter fabric luster are :
(A) Beetling
(B) Calendering
(C) Parchmentizing
(D) Cire'
(E) Moire'

• A. (A), (B), (C) and (D) only.
• B. (A), (B), (C) and (E) only.
• C. (A), (B), (D) and (E) only.
• D. (B), (C), (D) and (E) only.

Hint:

Finishes involving flattening or polishing rollers (calendering, cire, moire, beetling) are designed to modify how the fabric reflects light (its luster). Parchmentizing is used to create stiffness and transparency.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Textile finishes are chemical or physical treatments applied to fabrics to modify their appearance, texture, or performance.
Luster finishes are designed to increase, decrease, or pattern the light reflectivity of a fabric surface.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let us analyze the effects of the listed finishes:
- (A) Beetling: A mechanical finish where damp linen or cotton fabric is beaten with heavy wooden hammers.
This flattens the yarns, closes the weave, and imparts a lustrous, leather-like sheen to the fabric.
- (B) Calendering: A mechanical process where fabric is passed between heavy, heated rollers under high pressure.
This flattens the surface fibers, producing a smooth, lustrous finish (similar to ironing).
- (D) Cire': A specialized calendering finish where wax, starch, or resins are applied before hot calendering to create a highly polished, glossy, "wet-look" surface.
- (E) Moire': A calendering process that presses a watermarked or wood-grain pattern of varying luster onto ribbed fabrics.
- (C) Parchmentizing: An acid treatment (using sulfuric acid) applied to cotton to gelatinize the fibers, making the fabric stiff, crisp, and transparent (producing organdy), which is primarily a texture/drape finish rather than a luster finish.
Therefore, the finishes that specifically alter fabric luster are (A), (B), (D), and (E).
This matches Option (C).

Step 3: Final Answer:
The finishes that alter fabric luster are (A), (B), (D) and (E) only.