Question:

Discuss `Organic Farming' as a sustainable alternative.

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Sikkim became the world's first fully organic state in 2016. The Indian government promotes organic farming through schemes like \textbf{Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana (PKVY)}.
Updated On: Mar 19, 2026
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Solution and Explanation

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
The Green Revolution, while boosting food grain production, led to excessive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides causing long-term environmental damage. Organic farming is proposed as a sustainable alternative to chemical-intensive agriculture.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Organic Farming is a method of crop production that relies on biological fertilizers (compost, vermicompost, green manure) and natural pest control (neem-based pesticides, crop rotation) instead of synthetic chemicals. Its benefits as a sustainable alternative include:
1. Eco-friendly: Avoids toxic chemicals, thereby maintaining soil health, biodiversity, and preventing water pollution from chemical runoff.
2. Higher Nutritional Value: Organic produce is considered healthier and free from harmful chemical residues, leading to better consumer health outcomes.
3. Cost-effective for Farmers: Uses locally available organic inputs (farm waste, animal dung) instead of expensive imported synthetic chemicals, reducing the cost of cultivation.
4. Sustainable Soil Health: Organic matter improves soil structure and water retention capacity, making it productive in the long run.

Step 3: Final Answer:
Organic farming is eco-friendly, produces nutritious food, reduces farmer costs, and maintains long-term soil health, making it a viable sustainable agricultural alternative.
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