Question:
Chloroform in the presence of light is slowly oxidized by air to form
Chloroform in the presence of light is slowly oxidized by air to form
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Chloroform \((CHCl_3)\) is stored in dark bottles containing about 1% ethanol because sunlight and oxygen convert it into poisonous phosgene \((COCl_2)\).
Updated On: Jun 18, 2026
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The Correct Option is A
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Recall the oxidation of chloroform.
Chloroform \((CHCl_3)\) undergoes slow oxidation in the presence of atmospheric oxygen and sunlight.
The reaction is \[ 2CHCl_3 + O_2 \xrightarrow{\text{light}} 2COCl_2 + 2HCl \]
Step 2: Identify the product formed.
The compound \[ COCl_2 \] is known as phosgene.
Phosgene is a highly poisonous gas.
Step 3: Explain the practical significance.
Since chloroform slowly produces toxic phosgene on exposure to air and light, it is stored in dark-colored bottles.
A small amount of ethanol is usually added to destroy any phosgene formed during storage.
\[ COCl_2 + C_2H_5OH \rightarrow \text{harmless products} \]
Step 4: Final conclusion.
Therefore, chloroform is oxidized by air in the presence of light to form \[ \boxed{COCl_2} \] which is phosgene.
Hence, the correct option is (1).
Chloroform \((CHCl_3)\) undergoes slow oxidation in the presence of atmospheric oxygen and sunlight.
The reaction is \[ 2CHCl_3 + O_2 \xrightarrow{\text{light}} 2COCl_2 + 2HCl \]
Step 2: Identify the product formed.
The compound \[ COCl_2 \] is known as phosgene.
Phosgene is a highly poisonous gas.
Step 3: Explain the practical significance.
Since chloroform slowly produces toxic phosgene on exposure to air and light, it is stored in dark-colored bottles.
A small amount of ethanol is usually added to destroy any phosgene formed during storage.
\[ COCl_2 + C_2H_5OH \rightarrow \text{harmless products} \]
Step 4: Final conclusion.
Therefore, chloroform is oxidized by air in the presence of light to form \[ \boxed{COCl_2} \] which is phosgene.
Hence, the correct option is (1).
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