Question

Write the following statements in the correct order :
(I) The resource extraction in areas inhabited by tribes can be traced to the British Government.
(II) Since the 1990s, when economic liberalisation policies were officially adopted by the Indian Government, the process of resource extraction in Adivasi areas has become even more powerful.
(III) The term ‘Adivasi’ was coined in the 1930s as part of the struggle against intrusion by the colonial government and outside settlers.
(IV) The most significant achievement of Adivasi movements includes attainment of statehood for Jharkhand and Chhattisgarh in the year 2000.

• A. (III), (I), (II), (IV)
• B. (I), (II), (III), (IV)
• C. (IV), (I), (III), (II)
• D. (III), (II), (IV), (I)

Hint:

When resolving sequencing questions in board exams, if the pure chronological sequence is not listed in the options, look for the narrative/passage structure used in your NCERT textbook, where the concepts are introduced before their historical background is traced.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Step 1: Understanding the Chronology of Tribal Movements and Exploitation:
Let's analyze the historical periods of the statements:
• Statement (I): Traces the beginning of resource extraction (logging, mining) in tribal areas to the colonial British Government (starting in the 19th century).
• Statement (III): Notes that the term "Adivasi" was coined in the 1930s during the national movement to assert rights against colonial intrusion and outside money lenders.
• Statement (II): Identifies the post-1990 economic liberalisation period which intensified mineral and corporate resource extraction in tribal lands.
• Statement (IV): Marks the creation of the tribal-majority states of Jharkhand and Chhattisgarh in November 2000.

Step 2: Matching with Textbook Structural Logic:
From a strictly chronological perspective, the timeline flows from the 19th-century British resource extraction (I) to the 1930s coining of the term (III), followed by the post-1990 liberalization (II), and ending with statehood in 2000 (IV). This would correspond to the sequence (I), (III), (II), (IV).
However, looking at the structural flow of the NCERT Class 12 Sociology textbook (specifically the passage included on Adivasis):
• The chapter first introduces the term "Adivasi" and notes its coining in the 1930s (III).
• It then steps back historically to explain that while Adivasis lived in relative isolation, resource extraction began under the British Government (I).
• Next, it explains how this extraction intensified post-Independence, peaking with the neo-liberal policies after the 1990s (II).
• Finally, it concludes with the major modern political outcome of their long struggle—the attainment of statehood in 2000 (IV). This pedagogical narrative flow perfectly matches option (A): (III), (I), (II), (IV).

Step 3: Selecting the Option:
Since (I), (III), (II), (IV) is not an option on the paper, the correct choice is (A), which represents the logical structural narrative of the NCERT sociology textbook.