What amount of electric charge is required for the reduction of 1 mole of MnO$_4^{2-}$ into Mn$^{2+}$?
To reduce MnO$_4^{2-}$ to Mn$^{2+}$, we need to consider the change in oxidation state of Mn. In MnO$_4^{2-}$, Mn is in the +2 oxidation state, and in Mn$^{2+}$, Mn is also in the +2 state. Thus, no change in oxidation state occurs. However, the reduction process involves the addition of 2 electrons per ion, and for 1 mole of MnO$_4^{2-}$, 4 moles of electrons are required.
This corresponds to a charge of 4 Faradays.
Write IUPAC names of the following compounds and classify them into primary, secondary and tertiary amines.
(i) (CH3 )2CHNH2 (ii) CH3 (CH2 )2NH2 (iii) CH3NHCH(CH3 )2
(iv) (CH3 )3CNH2 (v) C6H5NHCH3 (vi) (CH3CH2 )2NCH3 (vii) m–BrC6H4NH2
Give one chemical test to distinguish between the following pairs of compounds.
(i) Methylamine and dimethylamine
(ii) Secondary and tertiary amines
(iii) Ethylamine and aniline
(iv) Aniline and benzylamine
(v) Aniline and N-methylaniline
Account for the following:
(i) pKb of aniline is more than that of methylamine.
(ii) Ethylamine is soluble in water whereas aniline is not.
(iii) Methylamine in water reacts with ferric chloride to precipitate hydrated ferric oxide.
(iv) Although amino group is o– and p– directing in aromatic electrophilic substitution reactions, aniline on nitration gives a substantial amount of m-nitroaniline.
(v) Aniline does not undergo Friedel-Crafts reaction.
(vi) Diazonium salts of aromatic amines are more stable than those of aliphatic amines. (vii) Gabriel phthalimide synthesis is preferred for synthesising primary amines.