Step 1: Understand the concept:
Taylor gave four principles of scientific management. One of them asks for a change in the attitude of both workers and management toward each other.
We need to find which of the four options is this principle.
Step 2: Read the statement:
The statement says Taylor wanted a complete mental revolution on the part of both management and workers.
It means that both should change their thinking. Workers should stop opposing management, and management should stop seeing workers as just a tool to cut cost.
The two sides must work with trust, as the gain of one is the gain of the other.
Step 3: Link to the principle:
This change of mind is the core of Harmony, not Discord. The principle wants peace and understanding between both sides instead of conflict.
Step 4: Check option (1): Science, not Rule of Thumb:
This is about replacing guess work with a method found through study. It does not speak of a mental change. So option (1) is wrong.
Step 5: Check option (2): Harmony, not Discord:
Mental revolution leads to harmony between management and workers. So option (2) is correct.
Step 6: Check option (3): Cooperation, not Individualism:
This is about mutual cooperation and sharing of the work and the gain. The mental revolution is the base of harmony and not of this principle. So option (3) is wrong.
Step 7: Check option (4): Development of each and every person:
This is about selecting and training workers to reach their best efficiency. It does not deal with a change in thinking. So option (4) is wrong.
Final Answer:
The statement refers to Harmony, not Discord. This is option (2).