Question

Study the graphs given below for Case 1 and Case 2 showing different levels of certain hormones and answer the question that follows:

(a) Which hormone is responsible for the peak observed in Case 1 and Case 2? Write one function of that hormone.
(b) Write changes that take place in the ovary and uterus during follicular phase. 
Student to attempt either sub-part (c) or (d): 
(c) Name the hormone Q of Case 2. Write one function of hormone Q. 
 OR 
(d) Which structure in the ovary will remain functional in Case 2? How is it formed?

Hint:

LH surge is essential for ovulation. Progesterone from the corpus luteum helps maintain pregnancy until the placenta takes over.

Answer 1

Step 1 (a): The hormone responsible for the peak in both Case 1 and Case 2 is **Luteinizing Hormone (LH)**.
\hspace*{0.5cm} Function: LH stimulates ovulation and formation of corpus luteum. Step 2 (b): During the follicular phase, in the ovary, a primary follicle develops into a Graafian follicle.
In the uterus, the endometrium regenerates under the influence of estrogen. Step 3 (c): Hormone Q in Case 2 is **Progesterone**.
\hspace*{0.5cm} Function: Maintains the endometrial lining for implantation and supports early pregnancy. \begin{center} OR \end{center} Step 3 (d): The functional structure in Case 2 is the **Corpus luteum**.
\hspace*{0.5cm} It is formed from the Graafian follicle after ovulation under the influence of LH.