Study the graphs given below for Case 1 and Case 2 showing different levels of certain hormones and answer the question that follows: (a) Which hormone is responsible for the peak observed in Case 1 and Case 2? Write one function of that hormone. (b) Write changes that take place in the ovary and uterus during follicular phase. Student to attempt either sub-part (c) or (d): (c) Name the hormone Q of Case 2. Write one function of hormone Q.
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(d) Which structure in the ovary will remain functional in Case 2? How is it formed?
Show Hint
LH surge is essential for ovulation. Progesterone from the corpus luteum helps maintain pregnancy until the placenta takes over.
Step 1 (a): The hormone responsible for the peak in both Case 1 and Case 2 is **Luteinizing Hormone (LH)**. Function: LH stimulates ovulation and formation of corpus luteum.
Step 2 (b): During the follicular phase, in the ovary, a primary follicle develops into a Graafian follicle.
In the uterus, the endometrium regenerates under the influence of estrogen.
Step 3 (c): Hormone Q in Case 2 is **Progesterone**. Function: Maintains the endometrial lining for implantation and supports early pregnancy.
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Step 3 (d): The functional structure in Case 2 is the **Corpus luteum**.
It is formed from the Graafian follicle after ovulation under the influence of LH.
