Concept:
Organizing requires structuring roles and positions by allocating tasks and clarifying working relationships. This allocation relies on three interrelated core elements:
• Authority: The formal, inherent right of a manager to command subordinates, allocate resources, and issue instructions based on organizational position. It flows downwards.
• Responsibility: The obligation of a subordinate to perform the assigned duty. It flows upwards.
• Accountability: Being answerable for the final outcome of delegated work. It flows upwards and cannot be passed on.
Step 1: Matching the problem definition with the correct concept.
The question asks to identify the specific management term that means: "Right of an individual to command his subordinates and to take action within the scope of his position." This matches the definition of organizational Authority. Authority gives managers the legitimate right to issue directives and expect compliance from subordinates within their functional scope.
Step 2: Distinguishing it from other choices.
• Responsibility is the duty or task itself, not the right to command.
• Accountability is the answerability for results.
• Delegation is the process of sharing authority and responsibility downward; it is not the name of the individual asset or right itself.
Therefore, option (A) is the correct answer.