August Comte is known as the father of sociology.
So:
\[
A-IV.
\]
Charles Darwin is associated with biology and the theory of evolution.
So:
\[
B-III.
\]
Bertrand Russell was a philosopher, logician and mathematician.
So:
\[
C-II.
\]
Rutherford is associated with atomic structure and nuclear studies.
In the given list, Rutherford is matched with chemistry.
So:
\[
D-I.
\]
Therefore, the correct matching is:
\[
A-IV,\quad B-III,\quad C-II,\quad D-I.
\]
Hence, the correct answer is option (B).