Question

Match List I with List II 
 
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:} 
 

• A. A - IV, B - III, C - I, D - II
• B. A - III, B - II, C - IV, D - I
• C. A - II, B - I, C - IV, D - III
• D. A - I, B - IV, C - III, D - II

Hint:

To solve matching questions quickly, look for the most straightforward terms first:
- Adiabatic means no heat transfer (\( Q = 0 \)), matching A to I.
- Isochoric means constant volume, which means no boundary work (\( W = 0 \)), matching D to II.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Thermodynamic processes and systems are classified based on the constraints placed on properties such as heat transfer, work, temperature, volume, and mass transfer.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let us match each term from List I with its corresponding characteristic in List II:
- A. Adiabatic process: An adiabatic process is one in which there is no thermal interaction between the system and its surroundings.
This means that the net heat transfer (\( Q \)) is zero.
Thus, A matches with I.
- B. Isolated system: An isolated system is completely sealed from its surroundings.
It can exchange neither energy (in the form of heat or work) nor matter with its environment.
Thus, B matches with IV.
- C. Isothermal process: An isothermal process occurs at a constant temperature (\( T = \text{constant} \)).
For an ideal gas, the internal energy (\( U \)) is a function of temperature only (\( U = f(T) \)).
Therefore, if the temperature remains constant, the change in internal energy (\( \Delta U \)) is zero.
Thus, C matches with III.
- D. Isochoric process: An isochoric (or isometric) process occurs at a constant volume (\( V = \text{constant} \)).
Since boundary work is defined as \( W = \int P \, dV \), and there is no change in volume (\( dV = 0 \)), the work done by the system is zero.
Thus, D matches with II.
Combining these individual matches, we obtain the sequence: A - I, B - IV, C - III, D - II.

Step 3: Final Answer:
The correct matching is A - I, B - IV, C - III, D - II.