Question

Match between milk constituents under List-I and most relevant biological activity under List-II. Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
\begin{tabular{ll} List-I (Constituent in milk) & List-II (Most relevant biological activity)
(A) Conjugated Linoleic acid & (I) Antimicrobial
(B) Lactoferrin & (II) Vitamin carrier
(C) \(\beta\) - Lactoglobulin & (III) Lactose biosynthesis
(D) \(\alpha\) - Lactalbumin & (IV) Anticancerigenic

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

• (A) - (I), (B) - (II), (C) - (III), (D) - (IV)
• (A) - (II), (B) - (III), (C) - (I), (D) - (IV)
• (A) - (IV), (B) - (I), (C) - (II), (D) - (III)
• (A) - (III), (B) - (IV), (C) - (I), (D) - (II)

Hint:

Lactoferrin is an iron-binding antimicrobial agent (B - I).
\(\alpha\)-Lactalbumin is a core component of the lactose synthase complex (D - III).
Matching these two easily identifies the correct option.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Milk contains various bioactive lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates that possess physiological and therapeutic properties beyond basic nutrition.

Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let us correlate each milk constituent in List-I with its biological activity in List-II:
- (A) Conjugated Linoleic acid (CLA): This is a group of positional and geometric isomers of linoleic acid found in milk fat.
CLA is highly recognized for its potent Anticarcinogenic (IV) properties.
- (B) Lactoferrin: This is an iron-binding glycoprotein present in milk.
By strongly sequestering free iron, it deprives pathogenic bacteria of an essential nutrient, thereby exhibiting strong Antimicrobial (I) activity.
- (C) \(\beta\)-Lactoglobulin: The major whey protein in ruminant milk.
It possesses a hydrophobic pocket (calyx) that binds and transports hydrophobic molecules, serving as an important Vitamin carrier (II) (specifically for retinol/vitamin A).
- (D) \(\alpha\)-Lactalbumin: This whey protein forms the regulatory subunit of the lactose synthase enzyme complex, playing a key role in Lactose biosynthesis (III) in the mammary gland.
This results in the matching sequence: (A)-(IV), (B)-(I), (C)-(II), (D)-(III).

Step 3: Final Answer:
The correct matching sequence corresponds to option 3.