Question

Madhavan, Chatterjee and Pillai were partners in a firm sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 2 : 1 : 2. On 31stMarch, 2024, their Balance Sheet was as follows :

Balance Sheet of Madhavan, Chatterjee and Pillai as at 31^st March, 2024

 

Liabilities	Amount (₹)	Assets	Amount (₹)
Creditors	1,10,000	Cash at Bank	4,05,000
Outstanding Expenses	17,000	Stock	2,20,000
Mrs. Madhavan’s Loan	2,00,000	Debtors	95,000
Chatterjee’s Loan	1,70,000	Less: Provision for Doubtful Debts	(5,000)
Capitals:	Madhavan – 2,00,000	Land and Building	1,82,000
	Chatterjee – 1,00,000	Plant and Machinery	1,00,000
	Pillai – 2,00,000
Total	9,97,000	Total	9,97,000

On the above date, the firm was dissolved and the following transactions took place :
Debtors were taken over by the creditors in full settlement of their claim.
Madhavan agreed to pay Mrs. Madhavan’s loan.
50% of the stock was taken over by Chatterjee at 10% less than the book value. The remaining stock was sold at a profit of 20%.
Land and Building was taken over by Pillai for \(₹1,00,000\) and Plant and Machinery was sold as scrap for \(₹20,000\).
Realisation expenses \(₹17,000\) were paid by cheque.
Prepare Realisation Account.

Hint:

When preparing the Realisation Account: \begin{itemize} \item Record all assets (except cash/bank) on the debit side. \item Record liabilities settled and assets realised on the credit side. \item Account for any losses or gains in the partners' capital accounts in their profit-sharing ratio. \end{itemize}

Answer 1

Realisation Account 

Particulars	Amount (₹)	Particulars	Amount (₹)
To Stock	2,20,000	By Chatterjee (50% of 2,20,000 - 10%)	99,000
To Debtors	95,000	By Creditors (for Debtors)	90,000
To Land and Building	1,82,000	By Pillai (Land & Building)	1,00,000
To Plant and Machinery	1,00,000	By Bank (Machinery sold as scrap)	20,000
To Bank (Realisation Expenses)	17,000	By Bank (remaining stock sold: 1,10,000 + 20%)	1,32,000
		By Loss transferred to Capital A/c (Bal. fig.)	73,000
Total	6,14,000	Total	5,14,000

Answer 2

Step 1: Transfer of Assets 

We transfer all assets except Cash at Bank to the Realisation Account at book value.

• Stock = ₹ 2,20,000
• Debtors = ₹ 95,000 (no need to deduct provision separately, we transfer book figure)
• Land & Building = ₹ 1,82,000
• Plant & Machinery = ₹ 1,00,000

Total = ₹ 2,20,000 + ₹ 95,000 + ₹ 1,82,000 + ₹ 1,00,000 = ₹ 5,97,000

Step 2: Transfer of Liabilities

We transfer all external liabilities to the credit side of Realisation Account:

• Creditors = ₹ 1,10,000
• Outstanding Expenses = ₹ 17,000
• Mrs. Madhavan’s Loan = Not transferred (as it is a partner’s wife’s loan, treated as internal)
• Chatterjee’s Loan = Not transferred (partner’s loan)

Total liabilities transferred = ₹ 1,27,000

Step 3: Record the realisation transactions

1. Debtors taken over by creditors: Creditors ₹ 1,10,000 settled by giving Debtors ₹ 95,000. 
   Journal entry: Dr. Creditors ₹ 1,10,000     Cr. Realisation A/c ₹ 1,10,000 
   Dr. Realisation A/c ₹ 95,000 (asset given)
2. Madhavan pays Mrs. Madhavan’s loan: Outside Realisation A/c.
3. Stock: - 50% taken by Chatterjee: 50% of ₹ 2,20,000 = ₹ 1,10,000 at 10% discount → ₹ 99,000 credited to Realisation A/c. - Remaining ₹ 1,10,000 sold at 20% profit: Selling price = ₹ 1,10,000 × 120% = ₹ 1,32,000 credited to Realisation A/c.
4. Land & Building: Taken over by Pillai for ₹ 1,00,000 credited to Realisation A/c.
5. Plant & Machinery: Sold for ₹ 20,000 credited to Realisation A/c.
6. Expenses: ₹ 17,000 paid by cheque debited to Realisation A/c.

Step 4: Realisation Account

Dr (Particulars)	₹	Cr (Particulars)	₹
To Stock	2,20,000	By Creditors	1,10,000
To Debtors	95,000	By Stock (taken by Chatterjee)	99,000
To Land & Building	1,82,000	By Stock (sold)	1,32,000
To Plant & Machinery	1,00,000	By Land & Building (taken by Pillai)	1,00,000
To Bank A/c (expenses)	17,000	By Plant & Machinery (sold)	20,000
To Profit transferred to:    Madhavan (2/5)    Chatterjee (1/5)    Pillai (2/5)	—
Total	6,14,000	Total	5,14,000

Note: The balancing figure ₹ 1,00,000 is the loss on realisation, which will be debited to partners’ capital accounts in the ratio 2:1:2.