Step 1: Definition of a scalar matrix
A scalar matrix is a diagonal matrix where all diagonal elements are equal.
This means \( a = d = 5 \), and all off-diagonal elements (\( b \), \( c \)) are zero.
Step 2: Substitute the values
Using the scalar matrix properties:
\[
a + 2b + 3c + 4d = 5 + 2(0) + 3(0) + 4(5) = 5 + 0 + 0 + 20 = 25.
\]
Step 3: Verify the options
The correct value is \( 25 \), which corresponds to option (D).
The equation of a closed curve in two-dimensional polar coordinates is given by \( r = \frac{2}{\sqrt{\pi}} (1 - \sin \theta) \). The area enclosed by the curve is ___________ (answer in integer).
A racing track is built around an elliptical ground whose equation is given by \[ 9x^2 + 16y^2 = 144 \] The width of the track is \(3\) m as shown. Based on the given information answer the following: 
(i) Express \(y\) as a function of \(x\) from the given equation of ellipse.
(ii) Integrate the function obtained in (i) with respect to \(x\).
(iii)(a) Find the area of the region enclosed within the elliptical ground excluding the track using integration.
OR
(iii)(b) Write the coordinates of the points \(P\) and \(Q\) where the outer edge of the track cuts \(x\)-axis and \(y\)-axis in first quadrant and find the area of triangle formed by points \(P,O,Q\).