Question

How did Bernier’s description influence the Western theorists from the 18\(^{\text{th}}\) century onwards? Explain.

Hint:

Bernier’s writings shaped European views about India as a land without private property, influencing colonial thought.

Answer 1

Step 1: Spread of Bernier’s ideas. 
Bernier’s writings were widely read in Europe and shaped European understanding of Asian societies, especially India. 

Step 2: Influence on western theorists. 
His description led western thinkers to believe that Asian societies lacked private property and were economically backward. 

Step 3: Formation of stereotypes. 
This contributed to the idea of “Oriental Despotism”, where rulers were seen as absolute owners of land and people. 

Step 4: Impact on policies. 
Such views later influenced colonial policies and attitudes towards Indian economy and governance. 

Step 5: Conclusion. 
Thus, Bernier’s accounts had a long-lasting impact on western theories about Asian societies and governance.