Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Horticultural cultivar development involves selection from open-pollinated seedling populations (half-sib populations) or controlled hybridization (full-sib populations) to identify superior clones with desirable fruit characteristics.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let us analyze both statements regarding the guava (Psidium guajava) variety 'Sweta':
Statement (I): 'Sweta' was developed at the Central Institute for Subtropical Horticulture (CISH), Lucknow.
It is an open-pollinated seedling selection (which represents a half-sib population) from the well-known guava cultivar 'Apple Colour'.
Thus, Statement (I) is correct.
Statement (II): 'Sweta' is a high-yielding, prolific bearer.
However, it is characterized by its white, firm, and sweet pulp, not pink pulp.
The name "Sweta" itself translates to "white," which reflects the color of its pulp.
Therefore, the claim that it is a "pink pulp variety" in Statement (II) is incorrect.
This makes Statement (I) correct and Statement (II) incorrect.
Step 3: Final Answer:
Statement (I) is true but Statement (II) is false.