Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Apple (*Malus domestica*) breeding programs in India aim to combine the high dessert quality of exotic varieties with the environmental adaptability and long storage life of indigenous varieties like *Amberi*.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let us evaluate both statements:
- Statement (I): Ambred is an apple hybrid variety developed in Jammu and Kashmir, India.
It was developed from a cross between the exotic cultivar Red Delicious (paternal parent) and the indigenous cultivar Amberi (maternal parent).
This breeding program aimed to combine the color and sweetness of Red Delicious with the crisp texture and long storage life of Amberi.
Therefore, Statement (I) is true.
- Statement (II): The Ambred tree exhibits a naturally compact, dwarf growth habit compared to its parent varieties.
This dwarf growth habit makes it highly suited for high-density planting systems, which are increasingly adopted to improve orchard productivity.
Therefore, Statement (II) is also true.
Both statements are correct.
Step 3: Final Answer:
Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are true, corresponding to option (A).