Question

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A): Hyperplasia and hypertrophy causes abnormal growth of affected organs of the plant.
Reason (R): It is due to high number of cell caused by hypertrophy while hyperplasia increases size of the cell.

• A. Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
• B. Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
• C. (A) is correct but (R) is not correct
• D. (A) is not correct but (R) is correct

Hint:

To remember the difference: Hyperplasia = "Plasia" (multiplication/division), Hypertrophy = "Trophy" (getting bigger/larger).

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Concept: Plant pathogens often manipulate host physiology, leading to abnormal growth patterns. This is primarily achieved through two distinct cellular processes: increasing the number of cells or increasing the volume of existing cells.

Step 1: Analyze Assertion (A).
Hyperplasia and hypertrophy are the two main physiological responses that lead to malformations such as galls, tumors, and knots in plants. These responses result in visible abnormal growth of the affected plant organs. Therefore, Assertion (A) is correct.

Step 2: Analyze Reason (R).
The definitions in the reason are swapped. Hyperplasia is the increase in the number of cells due to accelerated cell division. Hypertrophy is the increase in the size or volume of individual cells. Because the reason incorrectly defines these biological terms, Reason (R) is not correct.