Question:
For the given reaction which halogen requires addition of oxidizing agent to get better yield?
For the given reaction which halogen requires addition of oxidizing agent to get better yield?
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Iodination of benzene requires an oxidizing agent because I\(_2\) is the least reactive halogen.
Updated On: Jun 20, 2026
- Cl\(_2\)
- F\(_2\)
- Br\(_2\)
- I\(_2\)
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The Correct Option is D
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Understand electrophilic substitution in benzene.
Halogenation of aromatic compounds requires formation of electrophilic species (X\(^+\)) which attacks benzene ring. Some halogens need oxidizing agents to generate active electrophile.
Step 2: Reactivity of halogens.
Reactivity order: \[ F_2 > Cl_2 > Br_2 > I_2 \] Iodine is least reactive and does not readily form electrophile for substitution.
Step 3: Role of oxidizing agent.
For iodine, an oxidizing agent is required to convert I\(_2\) into reactive I\(^+\) species to facilitate substitution reaction on benzene ring.
Step 4: Behavior of other halogens.
Cl\(_2\), Br\(_2\), and F\(_2\) are sufficiently reactive (though F\(_2\) is too reactive and often uncontrolled), so they do not require external oxidizing agent.
Step 5: Final identification.
Only iodine requires oxidizing agent for efficient electrophilic substitution.
Final Answer: \[ \boxed{\text{I}_2} \]
Halogenation of aromatic compounds requires formation of electrophilic species (X\(^+\)) which attacks benzene ring. Some halogens need oxidizing agents to generate active electrophile.
Step 2: Reactivity of halogens.
Reactivity order: \[ F_2 > Cl_2 > Br_2 > I_2 \] Iodine is least reactive and does not readily form electrophile for substitution.
Step 3: Role of oxidizing agent.
For iodine, an oxidizing agent is required to convert I\(_2\) into reactive I\(^+\) species to facilitate substitution reaction on benzene ring.
Step 4: Behavior of other halogens.
Cl\(_2\), Br\(_2\), and F\(_2\) are sufficiently reactive (though F\(_2\) is too reactive and often uncontrolled), so they do not require external oxidizing agent.
Step 5: Final identification.
Only iodine requires oxidizing agent for efficient electrophilic substitution.
Final Answer: \[ \boxed{\text{I}_2} \]
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