Question

Explain the meaning and methods of training.

Hint:

Define training precisely (distinct from education), then list On-the-Job and Off-the-Job methods with brief descriptions.

Answer 1

Step 1: Meaning of training:
Training is the process of increasing the knowledge and skills of an employee for doing a specific job. It is concerned with imparting specific skills for a particular job or purpose, and is usually a short-term, job-related activity.

Step 2: On-the-Job Training methods — (a) Apprenticeship training:
The trainee works under the close guidance of a skilled worker/master craftsman and learns by actually performing the job — common for skilled trades.

Step 3: On-the-Job — (b) Internship training:
Educational/professional institutions arrange practical training for their students in actual work settings, jointly sponsored by the institution and the employer.

Step 4: On-the-Job — (c) Induction training:
Given to a new employee to familiarise them with the organisation and its work environment immediately after joining.

Step 5: Off-the-Job methods — (a) Vestibule training:
Employees are trained on duplicate/simulated equipment set up away from the actual production floor, allowing practice without disrupting real operations.

Step 6: Off-the-Job — (b) Classroom method / lectures:
Employees are given theoretical/conceptual knowledge in a classroom via lectures, case studies, and discussions, useful for developing decision-making and interpersonal skills.

Step 7: Significance of training:
Training reduces errors and accidents, improves quality and productivity, and boosts employee morale and career prospects, ultimately benefiting both the employee and the organisation.

Final Answer:
Training imparts job-specific skills through On-the-Job methods (apprenticeship, internship, induction) and Off-the-Job methods (vestibule training, classroom lectures) to improve employee performance.