Question

Explain the following techniques of scientific management :

(i) Motion Study

(ii) Differential Piece Wage System

Hint:

Motion study finds and removes wasteful movements. The differential piece wage system pays a higher rate to workers who meet or beat the standard.

Answer 1

Step 1: Motion Study:
Motion study is the study of the movements of the hands, legs, eyes and body that a worker makes while doing a job.
The aim is to find out the movements that are unnecessary, wasteful or tiring, and to remove them.
Only the useful movements are kept. This lowers the time taken and the effort, and the output rises. For example, a machine can be placed within easy reach of the operator.

Step 2: Differential Piece Wage System:
This technique was given by F.W. Taylor. A standard output is first fixed through time and motion studies.
Two wage rates are then set. A higher rate is paid per piece to the worker who produces the standard or more, and a lower rate is paid to the worker who produces less.
For example, Rs. 10 per piece for up to 100 pieces, and Rs. 12 per piece if the worker makes more than 100. This rewards efficient workers and pushes others to improve.

Final Answer:
Motion study removes wasteful movements, and the differential piece wage system pays efficient workers at a higher rate.