Question

Explain any four psychological barriers of communication.

Hint:

"Semantic" barriers deal with words/language, while "Psychological" barriers deal with the mind and emotions.

Answer 1

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Psychological or emotional barriers refer to the state of mind of both the sender and the receiver which can hinder effective communication.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
1. Premature Evaluation: People sometimes evaluate the meaning of a message before the sender completes it, leading to misunderstandings.
2. Lack of Attention: If the receiver's mind is preoccupied, they may not listen effectively, making the communication fail (e.g., a distracted employee during a meeting).
3. Loss by Transmission and Poor Retention: When communication passes through various levels, it may lose its original meaning. Also, people often forget part of the information received.
4. Distrust: If the sender and receiver do not trust each other, they cannot understand each other's message in the original sense.
Step 3: Final Answer:
Emotional states, lack of focus, and bias are key psychological hurdles to clear communication.