Question:
Consider the following nuclides : \(^{12}_{6}C,\ ^{198}_{80}Hg,\ ^{14}_{6}C,\ ^{197}_{79}Au\). Group them into isotopes and isotones.
Consider the following nuclides : \(^{12}_{6}C,\ ^{198}_{80}Hg,\ ^{14}_{6}C,\ ^{197}_{79}Au\). Group them into isotopes and isotones.
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Nuclear density is one of the most important results in nuclear physics: all nuclei have nearly the same density regardless of size.
Updated On: Jul 2, 2026
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Solution and Explanation
Classification of nuclides
Concept:
• Isotopes: Same atomic number \(Z\), different mass number \(A\)
• Isotones: Same neutron number \(N = A - Z\), different atomic number \(Z\)
Step 1: Identify each nuclide
\[ ^{12}_{6}C: Z=6,\ A=12 \Rightarrow N=6 \] \[ ^{14}_{6}C: Z=6,\ A=14 \Rightarrow N=8 \] \[ ^{198}_{80}Hg: Z=80,\ A=198 \Rightarrow N=118 \] \[ ^{197}_{79}Au: Z=79,\ A=197 \Rightarrow N=118 \]
Step 2: Group isotopes
Isotopes have same \(Z\): \[ ^{12}_{6}C \ \text{and} \ ^{14}_{6}C \]
Step 3: Group isotones
Isotones have same \(N\): \[ ^{198}_{80}Hg \ (N=118), \quad ^{197}_{79}Au \ (N=118) \] Final grouping:
• Isotopes: \(^{12}_{6}C,\ ^{14}_{6}C\)
• Isotones: \(^{198}_{80}Hg,\ ^{197}_{79}Au\)
Concept:
• Isotopes: Same atomic number \(Z\), different mass number \(A\)
• Isotones: Same neutron number \(N = A - Z\), different atomic number \(Z\)
Step 1: Identify each nuclide
\[ ^{12}_{6}C: Z=6,\ A=12 \Rightarrow N=6 \] \[ ^{14}_{6}C: Z=6,\ A=14 \Rightarrow N=8 \] \[ ^{198}_{80}Hg: Z=80,\ A=198 \Rightarrow N=118 \] \[ ^{197}_{79}Au: Z=79,\ A=197 \Rightarrow N=118 \]
Step 2: Group isotopes
Isotopes have same \(Z\): \[ ^{12}_{6}C \ \text{and} \ ^{14}_{6}C \]
Step 3: Group isotones
Isotones have same \(N\): \[ ^{198}_{80}Hg \ (N=118), \quad ^{197}_{79}Au \ (N=118) \] Final grouping:
• Isotopes: \(^{12}_{6}C,\ ^{14}_{6}C\)
• Isotones: \(^{198}_{80}Hg,\ ^{197}_{79}Au\)
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