Classify the following into monosaccharides and disaccharides.
Ribose,2-deoxyribose,maltose, galactose,fructose and lactose.
Ribose,2-deoxyribose,maltose, galactose,fructose and lactose.
Solution and Explanation
Monosaccharides:
Ribose, 2-deoxyribose, galactose, fructose
Disaccharides:
Maltose, lactose
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Write IUPAC names of the following compounds and classify them into primary, secondary and tertiary amines.
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Give one chemical test to distinguish between the following pairs of compounds.
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(i) pKb of aniline is more than that of methylamine.
(ii) Ethylamine is soluble in water whereas aniline is not.
(iii) Methylamine in water reacts with ferric chloride to precipitate hydrated ferric oxide.
(iv) Although amino group is o– and p– directing in aromatic electrophilic substitution reactions, aniline on nitration gives a substantial amount of m-nitroaniline.
(v) Aniline does not undergo Friedel-Crafts reaction.
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Concepts Used:
Chemistry in Everyday Life
The scientific study of matter’s properties and behaviour is known as chemistry. It is a natural science that studies the elements that makeup matter, as well as the compounds, made up of atoms, molecules, and ions: their composition, structure, qualities, and behaviour, as well as the changes that occur when they mix with other things.
- Importance of Chemistry in Food - Chemicals are the fundamental components of everything. Chemical molecules make up all food, including carbs, vitamins, lipids, proteins, and fibre, which are all safe and often desirable.
- Importance of Chemistry in Medicines - Medicines or pharmaceuticals are chemical substances that are used to treat diseases and relieve pain. Chemistry has made significant contributions to health care. Chemistry, for example, aids in the manufacture and application of surgical materials.
- Importance of Chemistry in Cosmetics - In our daily lives, we use lotions, fragrances, talcum powder, and a variety of other cosmetic goods. All of these items are developed in laboratories using chemicals for our health and skin.
- Importance of Chemistry in Soaps and Detergents - Soaps are sodium and potassium salts of fatty acids with greater molecular weights, such as stearic acid, palmitic acid, and oleic acid. Sodium salts of long-chain alkyl hydrogen sulphates or sodium salts of long-chain alkyl benzene sulphonic acids are commonly used as detergents.