Question

Assertion (A) : Cleistogamous flowers have assured seed set.

Reason (R) : Cleistogamous flowers are invariably autogamous and do not depend on any pollinating agents.

• A. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of the Assertion (A).
• B. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of the Assertion (A).
• C. Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
• D. Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.

Hint:

Closed flowers self-pollinate inside the bud, so seed set is sure and R explains A.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Step 1: Understand the terms:
Cleistogamous flowers never open. Pollination and fertilisation happen inside the closed bud. Their anthers and stigma lie close together.

Step 2: Check the Assertion:
Because the flower stays closed, pollen from the anther falls on the stigma of the same flower. No outside pollinator is needed. So seed set is assured even without pollinators. (A) is true.

Step 3: Check the Reason:
Pollen transfer is within the same flower, so the flowers are always autogamous. They do not depend on insects, wind or water. (R) is true.

Step 4: Link R to A:
Assured seed set happens because the flowers are autogamous and need no pollinating agent. So R explains A.

Step 5: Pick the code:
Both are true and R explains A. This is code (A), the first option.

Final Answer:
Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
\[ \boxed{\text{Option (1)}} \]