Concept:
The thinkers mentioned belong to different historical periods ranging from ancient philosophy to modern sociology.
Step 1:
Aristotle was an ancient Greek philosopher who lived during the 4th century BCE.
\[
C \text{ comes first}
\]
Step 2:
Adam Smith, known as the father of economics, worked during the 18th century.
\[
D \text{ comes after C}
\]
Step 3:
Auguste Comte, called the father of sociology, belonged to the 19th century.
\[
B \text{ comes after D}
\]
Step 4:
G.H. Mead worked in the late 19th and early 20th century, while Talcott Parsons worked mainly during the mid-20th century.
\[
A \text{ comes before } E
\]
Step 5:
Thus, the correct chronological order is:
\[
C \rightarrow D \rightarrow B \rightarrow A \rightarrow E
\]
\[
\boxed{\text{(4) C, D, B, A, E}}
\]