Question

Analyse the process of transition from monarchy to democracy in Nepal.

Hint:

Mention the 1990 movement, Maoist insurgency, the royal action of 2002, the 2006 protest and the end of the monarchy in 2008.

Answer 1

Step 1: Understanding the question:
Nepal was a Hindu kingdom ruled by a king with absolute powers for a long time.
The question asks how it moved from monarchy to democracy. Four points trace the process.

Step 2: Point 1: Democratic movement of 1990:
In 1990 a strong democratic movement forced the king to accept a new constitution.
The king still kept important powers, so the people were not fully satisfied.

Step 3: Point 2: Maoist insurgency and instability:
Maoists took up armed struggle against the monarchy and the state, and parts of the country came under their control.
Politics stayed unstable, and the demand to end the monarchy grew.

Step 4: Point 3: The king dismisses the government:
In 2002 King Gyanendra dismissed the Prime Minister and dissolved the elected Parliament.
This move brought the pro-democracy forces together against the king.

Step 5: Point 4: Mass protest and the end of monarchy:
In April 2006 huge protests, led by the Seven Party Alliance with the Maoists, forced the king to restore the House of Representatives.
In 2008 the monarchy was abolished and Nepal became a federal democratic republic.

Final Answer:
Through the 1990 movement, the mass protests of 2006 and the end of monarchy in 2008, Nepal moved from monarchy to democracy.