Alpha (\(\alpha\)) hydrogens of aldehydes and ketones are acidic in nature.
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Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Acidity is determined by the stability of the conjugate base formed after the loss of a proton.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
When an \(\alpha\)-hydrogen is removed from an aldehyde or ketone, a carbanion (enolate ion) is formed.
This carbanion is stabilized by resonance with the adjacent electron-withdrawing carbonyl group (\( >C=O \)).
The negative charge is delocalized onto the more electronegative oxygen atom.
Additionally, the strong electron-withdrawing \( -I \) effect of the carbonyl group weakens the \( C_\alpha - H \) bond.
Step 3: Final Answer:
The acidity is due to the resonance stabilization of the resulting enolate ion.
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What is meant by the following terms? Give an example of the reaction in each case.
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\((v)\)
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