Question

“According to Jaina teachings, the birth and rebirth was shaped through Karma." Explain the statement.

Hint:

When discussing Jainism, remember that it places great emphasis on the concepts of ahimsa, karma, and the cycle of birth and rebirth.

Answer 1

Karma and Rebirth: In Jain philosophy, karma is considered as the main factor that shapes birth and rebirth of all living beings. The actions and deeds of every being determine their future lives. 
Freedom Through Asceticism and Penance: Jains believe that liberation from the cycle of birth and rebirth can be achieved through asceticism and penance which is one of the most important methods in Jainism. This reflects their focus on self-discipline. 
Renunciation of the World: To achieve freedom, one has to renounce the world, which means detachment from material possessions and earthly desires. 
Monastic Life: Monastic existence is seen as a necessary condition for salvation, thus emphasizing a spiritual path over worldly life. This is the most important aspect of Jainism. 
Animated World: Jaina philosophy believes that the whole world is animated, even rocks, stones and water. 
Non-Injury to Living Beings: Non-injury to all living beings (ahimsa) is central to Jain philosophy. The focus was on ensuring that one does not harm or hurt any living being. 
Renouncing the World: Renouncing the world is very crucial to their philosophy. 
Five Vows: Jaina monks and nuns are required to take five vows: to abstain from killing, stealing, lying, observing celibacy, and from possessing property, which also reflects the value placed on asceticism. 
Other Relevant Point: Any other valid point from the chapter.