Question

A therapist working with children with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) gives them a star sticker each time they complete a task without distraction. After collecting five stars, they can exchange it with a small toy. What psychological technique is being used here?

• A. Classical conditioning
• B. Token economy
• C. Systematic desensitization
• D. Free association

Hint:

Identify Token Economy by looking for a two-step reward system: first a symbolic reward (star/point), then an exchange for a physical reward.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Token economy is a behavior therapy technique based on the principles of operant conditioning.
It involves rewarding desired behaviors with "tokens" (like stars, points, or chips) that can later be exchanged for meaningful rewards.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
In this case, the "star stickers" act as secondary reinforcers (tokens).
The "small toy" acts as the primary or backup reinforcer that provides the actual motivation.
Classical conditioning (A) involves associating a neutral stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus to produce a response.
Systematic desensitization (C) is used for treating phobias by gradually exposing a person to a feared object while relaxed.
Free association (D) is a psychoanalytic technique where patients say whatever comes to mind.
Since the children are being reinforced for specific behaviors using exchangeable tokens, it is a Token Economy.
Step 3: Final Answer:
The psychological technique being used is Token Economy.