(a) Explain the following principles of Scientific Management :
(i) Science, Not Rule of Thumb
(ii) Cooperation, Not Individualism
(iii) Development of Each and Every Person to His/Her Greatest Efficiency and Prosperity
(i) Science, Not Rule of Thumb
(ii) Cooperation, Not Individualism
(iii) Development of Each and Every Person to His/Her Greatest Efficiency and Prosperity
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Solution and Explanation
(i) Science, Not Rule of Thumb: Taylor emphasized using scientific methods to determine the most efficient way of doing work rather than relying on traditional or hit-and-trial methods. For instance, standardizing tools, work methods, and work environment after careful study increases productivity.
(ii) Cooperation, Not Individualism: Taylor advocated for a harmonious relationship between workers and management. Workers should be treated as partners in progress, not as adversaries. There must be mutual understanding and open communication.
(iii) Development of Each Person to Their Efficiency: Taylor believed in the systematic training and development of workers so that they could perform to the best of their abilities. This leads to both personal growth and increased prosperity for the organization.
Final Answer: These principles aim to increase productivity, foster cooperation, and improve individual potential.
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