List of top Questions asked in CBSE CLASS XII

Read the following statements carefully :

Statement I : The production concept assumes that the customers will not buy, or not buy enough, unless they are adequately convinced and motivated to do so.

Statement II : The selling concept assumes that the consumers will favour those products which are widely available at an affordable price.

In the light of the given statements, choose the correct alternative from the following :

Match the incentives given in Column I with their meanings given in Column II.

Choose the correct option from the following :

Rohit is a manager at a furniture manufacturing company. The company holds an annual sale in the month of December, which is very popular. Rohit prepares the production plans for the annual sale well in advance, in the month of June every year. After planning, he ensures that enough workers are available and continuously monitors whether the work is progressing as scheduled or not. He also informs the marketing team well in time so that they can plan their promotional campaigns accordingly.

The feature of coordination highlighted in the above case is :

Choose the statement that correctly highlights the advantage of Divisional Structure :

Identify the incorrect statement with respect to the feature of Directing function of management :

‘The larger the lead time, the larger the quantity of material to be stored, and the larger shall be the amount of working capital required.’

The factor affecting the requirement of working capital discussed in the above statement is :

Identify the incorrect statement with respect to the importance of business environment :

‘Agri Solutions’, a fast-growing agri-tech company, was facing a problem of employees leaving the organisation frequently. As a result, work suffered and time and money were spent repeatedly on recruitment and training. On investigation, it was found that the problem was due to employees not getting sufficient time to settle into their new roles. So the company decided to keep their employees at the same position for a minimum tenure and give them sufficient time to show results. This led to a significant reduction in employee turnover and improvement in organisational efficiency.

The principle of management highlighted in the above case is :

____________ is the framework within which the managerial and operating tasks are performed.

The pouch depicted below contains packets of different flavours of chips.

Identify the level of packaging of the pouch :

‘Cosy Garments’ started the manufacturing of jackets in September, 2025. They expected a rise in the demand for jackets during the winter season. To handle the increased workload, the Production Manager estimated the number of workers required during peak production days and planned accordingly.

The type of plan highlighted in the above case is :

Read the following statements : Assertion (A) and Reason (R).

Assertion (A) : The cost of debt is higher than the cost of equity for a firm.

Reason (R) : The lender’s risk is lower than the equity shareholder’s risk, since the lender earns an assured return and repayment of capital.

Choose the correct alternative from the options given below :

‘The business environment differs from country to country and even region to region.’

The feature of business environment reflected in the above statement is :

‘Planning requires application of mind involving foresight, intelligence imagination and sound judgement.’

The feature of planning reflected by the above statement is :

Read the following statements : Assertion (A) and Reason (R).

Assertion (A) : Motivation can be either positive or negative.

Reason (R) : Individuals are heterogeneous in their expectations, perceptions and reactions.

Choose the correct alternative from the options given below :

Sharad was the Operations Manager at ‘Nova Ltd.’ He assigned the task of completing an urgent order to Anita, the Production Supervisor. She was given the authority to plan the work and meet the deadline. Anita further assigned the work to Rohit, a machine operator and asked him to finish it by the end of the day. Rohit did not complete the task on time, due to which the company failed to deliver the order. Who is accountable to Sharad for non-completion of the work ?

Kabir purchased a luxury car for ₹ 2 crores from a well-known car dealer named ‘Global Motors’. Within a few days, he found serious defects in the car. When he contacted ‘Global Motors’, they refused to repair or replace the car. Kabir then filed a case in the appropriate consumer court. However, he was not satisfied with the orders of this court. Where can Kabir file an appeal now ?

Explain the following features of planning :

(i) Planning is a primary function of management

(ii) Planning is continuous

(iii) Planning is a mental exercise

Explain the following principles of management :

(i) Authority and Responsibility

(ii) Initiative

(iii) Subordination of individual interest to common good

Explain the following characteristics of the principles of management :

(i) Primarily practical

(ii) Cause and effect relationship

(iii) Uncertain/Accidental

Explain the following non-financial incentives :

(i) Employee participation

(ii) Employee empowerment

Explain the following points of importance of controlling function of management :

(i) Ensuring order and discipline

(ii) Facilitating coordination in action

Explain the following factors affecting price determination of a product :

(i) Utility and demand

(ii) Government and legal regulations

Explain the following functions of marketing :

(i) Transportation

(ii) Storage or Warehousing

Explain any four organisational barriers to communication.