Question:
Which of the following species was used for CMS transfer into cauliflower by backcross breeding?
Which of the following species was used for CMS transfer into cauliflower by backcross breeding?
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Wild relatives like Brassica tournefortii and Diplotaxis erucoides are common sources of sterile cytoplasm in brassica vegetable breeding programs.
Updated On: Jul 31, 2026
- Brassica hirta
- Brassica cretica
- Brassica cretica
- Brassica tournefortii
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Verified By Collegedunia
The Correct Option is D
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility (CMS) is introduced into cultivated crop species from wild relatives or allied species through interspecific hybridization followed by repeated backcrossing to transfer the cultivated nuclear genome into the sterile cytoplasm.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
In cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis), stable cytoplasmic male sterility is essential for commercial hybrid seed production.
To obtain a reliable, cold-tolerant CMS system, wild brassica relatives were evaluated as cytoplasm donors.
Brassica tournefortii (wild mustard) is a wild species that possesses a specific cytoplasm capable of inducing stable male sterility when combined with the nuclear genome of cultivated Brassica oleracea crops.
Through interspecific hybridization, the cultivated cauliflower was crossed with Brassica tournefortii as the female parent.
The resulting \( F_1 \) hybrid was then used as the female parent in repeated backcrosses with the cultivated cauliflower variety as the recurrent (male) parent.
After several generations of backcrossing, the nuclear genome of the recurrent cauliflower parent was completely restored in the foreign cytoplasm of Brassica tournefortii.
This developed stable CMS cauliflower lines (such as the tournefortii-CMS system) that are widely used to produce \( F_1 \) hybrid seeds.
Step 3: Final Answer:
Brassica tournefortii was used for CMS transfer into cauliflower through backcross breeding.
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility (CMS) is introduced into cultivated crop species from wild relatives or allied species through interspecific hybridization followed by repeated backcrossing to transfer the cultivated nuclear genome into the sterile cytoplasm.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
In cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis), stable cytoplasmic male sterility is essential for commercial hybrid seed production.
To obtain a reliable, cold-tolerant CMS system, wild brassica relatives were evaluated as cytoplasm donors.
Brassica tournefortii (wild mustard) is a wild species that possesses a specific cytoplasm capable of inducing stable male sterility when combined with the nuclear genome of cultivated Brassica oleracea crops.
Through interspecific hybridization, the cultivated cauliflower was crossed with Brassica tournefortii as the female parent.
The resulting \( F_1 \) hybrid was then used as the female parent in repeated backcrosses with the cultivated cauliflower variety as the recurrent (male) parent.
After several generations of backcrossing, the nuclear genome of the recurrent cauliflower parent was completely restored in the foreign cytoplasm of Brassica tournefortii.
This developed stable CMS cauliflower lines (such as the tournefortii-CMS system) that are widely used to produce \( F_1 \) hybrid seeds.
Step 3: Final Answer:
Brassica tournefortii was used for CMS transfer into cauliflower through backcross breeding.
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