Question:
Which of the following organisms naturally possess CRISPR-Cas systems?
Which of the following organisms naturally possess CRISPR-Cas systems?
Show Hint
Emmanuelle Charpentier and Jennifer Doudna were awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2020 for adapting the bacterial CRISPR-Cas9 immune system into a powerful tool for genome editing.
Updated On: Jul 13, 2026
- Plants
- Bacteria
- Fungi
- Mammals
Show Solution
Verified By Collegedunia
The Correct Option is B
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
CRISPR-Cas (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats) is a molecular system used in biotechnology for precise genomic editing.
Before being adapted as a biotechnology tool, CRISPR-Cas evolved as a biological mechanism in single-celled organisms.
Step 3: Detailed Explanation:
The CRISPR-Cas system is a natural adaptive immune system found in prokaryotes, specifically in Bacteria and Archaea.
It protects these organisms from foreign genetic material, such as bacteriophages (viruses that infect bacteria) and plasmids:
1. Acquisition: When a bacterium survives a phage infection, it captures a small segment of the viral DNA and inserts it into its CRISPR genomic locus as a "spacer."
2. Expression: Upon subsequent reinfection by the same phage, the CRISPR array is transcribed into guide RNA (crRNA).
3. Interference: This guide RNA forms a complex with Cas nucleases (such as Cas9) and guides the enzyme to bind and cut the complementary invading phage DNA, neutralizing the threat.
Plants (A), Fungi (C), and Mammals (D) are eukaryotic organisms. They do not naturally possess CRISPR-Cas systems.
However, scientists have successfully introduced engineered CRISPR-Cas systems into these eukaryotic cells to perform targeted gene editing.
Therefore, bacteria naturally possess CRISPR-Cas systems.
Step 4: Final Answer:
The organisms that naturally possess CRISPR-Cas systems are bacteria, matching Option (B).
CRISPR-Cas (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats) is a molecular system used in biotechnology for precise genomic editing.
Before being adapted as a biotechnology tool, CRISPR-Cas evolved as a biological mechanism in single-celled organisms.
Step 3: Detailed Explanation:
The CRISPR-Cas system is a natural adaptive immune system found in prokaryotes, specifically in Bacteria and Archaea.
It protects these organisms from foreign genetic material, such as bacteriophages (viruses that infect bacteria) and plasmids:
1. Acquisition: When a bacterium survives a phage infection, it captures a small segment of the viral DNA and inserts it into its CRISPR genomic locus as a "spacer."
2. Expression: Upon subsequent reinfection by the same phage, the CRISPR array is transcribed into guide RNA (crRNA).
3. Interference: This guide RNA forms a complex with Cas nucleases (such as Cas9) and guides the enzyme to bind and cut the complementary invading phage DNA, neutralizing the threat.
Plants (A), Fungi (C), and Mammals (D) are eukaryotic organisms. They do not naturally possess CRISPR-Cas systems.
However, scientists have successfully introduced engineered CRISPR-Cas systems into these eukaryotic cells to perform targeted gene editing.
Therefore, bacteria naturally possess CRISPR-Cas systems.
Step 4: Final Answer:
The organisms that naturally possess CRISPR-Cas systems are bacteria, matching Option (B).
Was this answer helpful?
0
0
Top ICAR AIEEA Plant Sciences Questions
- Both plant and animal cells contain some small organelles called 'peroxisomes', which are dedicated to the metabolism of substances such as
- Chemicals that store energy for the majority of work within cells are called
- The longest phase during the eukaryotic cell cycle is
- The formula: [Sum of (Observed-Expected)$^2$/Expected] is also known as
- Human beings have a large-sized 'proteome'. The principal and more significant reason for this is-
View More Questions
Top ICAR AIEEA Plant Biotechnology Questions
- 'Ti Plasmid' is associated with which disease?
- Match List-I with List-II
List-I (Characteristic):
(A). Restriction digestion followed by PCR amplification of selected fragments
(B). Use of PCR to amplify repeat motifs of DNA
(C). Variation in single nucleotides within a DNA sequence
(D). Detection of variations in the length of DNA fragments produced by restriction enzymes
List-II (DNA marker):
(I). RFLP
(II). SNP
(III). SSR
(IV). AFLP - Given below are two statements:
Statement (I): Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism is a type of molecular marker that relies on enzymatic digestion and PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction).
Statement (II): Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism is a type of molecular marker that detects variations in the length of DNA fragments generated by digestion with restriction enzymes.
In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below. - Arabidopsis thaliana is advantageous for plant genetic research, because -
(A) It is a small plant with a short life cycle
(B) It is a commercially important oilseed crop with a botanical closeness with almost all the cereal crops
(C) It has a small genome size with known sequence information
(D) It can be raised inexpensively - Given below are two statements :
Statement I : Bacterial plasmids can be used as a vector for gene transfer in plants.
Statement II : Plasmids are double stranded, extrachromosomal DNA found in bacteria which are capable of autonomous replication in suitable host.
In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.
View More Questions
Top ICAR AIEEA Questions
- Which of the following statements is false?
- Which of the following is an example of an inventory?
- According to Adam Smith, productivity gains could be brought about through .
- The supply curve for an artificially scarce good is .
- Which of the following would not be considered an opportunity cost of paid employment?
View More Questions