Question

Which of the following is not included in the ‘Laws of thought'?

• A. Law of Identity
• B. Law of Succession
• C. Law of Non-contradiction
• D. Law of excluded Middle

Hint:

The three laws of thought are Identity, Non-contradiction and Excluded Middle.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Concept:
The traditional laws of thought are basic principles of classical logic. They are used to judge consistency and correctness in reasoning.

Step 1: Recall the three classical laws of thought.
The three important laws are: \[ \text{Law of Identity} \] \[ \text{Law of Non-contradiction} \] \[ \text{Law of Excluded Middle} \]

Step 2: Understand Law of Identity.
The Law of Identity says: \[ A = A \] A thing is identical with itself. So, option (A) is included.

Step 3: Understand Law of Non-contradiction.
This law says that a statement cannot be both true and false at the same time in the same respect. So, option (C) is included.

Step 4: Understand Law of Excluded Middle.
This law says that a statement is either true or false. There is no third middle possibility. So, option (D) is included.

Step 5: Identify the law not included.
Law of Succession is not a standard law of thought. Therefore: \[ \boxed{\text{Law of Succession}} \]