Question

Which microorganism is primarily used in the commercial production of Citric Acid?

• A. Saccharomyces cerevisiae
• B. Aspergillus niger
• C. Lactobacillus acidophilus
• D. Penicillium chrysogenum

Hint:

Citric acid production → Aspergillus niger → High yield fermentation.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Concept: Citric acid is an important organic acid widely used in food, pharmaceutical, and chemical industries. It is produced commercially using microbial fermentation.
Step 1: Understanding industrial production.
Citric acid is produced through submerged fermentation using specific microorganisms.
Step 2: Identifying the microorganism.
Aspergillus niger, a filamentous fungus, is the primary organism used due to its high yield and efficiency.
Step 3: Reasons for its use.

• High production capacity
• Ability to grow on inexpensive substrates
• Ease of cultivation and control

Step 4: Eliminating other options.

• Saccharomyces cerevisiae: Used in alcohol fermentation
• Lactobacillus acidophilus: Produces lactic acid
• Penicillium chrysogenum: Produces penicillin

Step 5: Conclusion.
Thus, Aspergillus niger is used for commercial citric acid production.