Question:
Which Irrigation system is useful for areas having water scarcity and salt problems ?
Which Irrigation system is useful for areas having water scarcity and salt problems ?
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Under drip irrigation, salts accumulate at the dry outer boundaries of the wetted soil bulbs. Because of this, avoid planting seeds or young seedlings directly on these salty margins.
Updated On: Jul 23, 2026
- Open cannel
- Sprinkler
- Micro sprinkler
- Drip application
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The Correct Option is D
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
Modern irrigation systems aim to maximize water-use efficiency while managing soil salinity challenges in arid and semi-arid regions.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let us analyze how irrigation methods perform in water-scarce and saline conditions:
1. Drip Irrigation (Drip application) is the most efficient irrigation system available, delivering water slowly and directly to the plant root zone.
- Water Scarcity: It minimizes evaporation and deep percolation losses, achieving water-use efficiencies of up to $90-95\%$.
- Salt Problems: By applying water slowly and frequently, drip irrigation maintains high, stable soil moisture levels near the roots. This dilutes the concentration of soluble salts in the root zone.
Additionally, the continuous outward movement of water pushes dissolved salts to the margins of the wetted soil profile, away from the active root zone. This allows crops to grow successfully even with moderately saline irrigation water.
2. Sprinkler and Micro-sprinklers cause higher evaporation losses and can cause leaf burn when using saline water, as salts accumulate directly on the leaves.
3. Open channels have very low water-use efficiency due to high seepage and evaporation losses, and can worsen salinity problems by raising the water table.
Step 3: Final Answer:
The most suitable irrigation system for water scarcity and salinity challenges is Drip application, corresponding to option (D).
Modern irrigation systems aim to maximize water-use efficiency while managing soil salinity challenges in arid and semi-arid regions.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let us analyze how irrigation methods perform in water-scarce and saline conditions:
1. Drip Irrigation (Drip application) is the most efficient irrigation system available, delivering water slowly and directly to the plant root zone.
- Water Scarcity: It minimizes evaporation and deep percolation losses, achieving water-use efficiencies of up to $90-95\%$.
- Salt Problems: By applying water slowly and frequently, drip irrigation maintains high, stable soil moisture levels near the roots. This dilutes the concentration of soluble salts in the root zone.
Additionally, the continuous outward movement of water pushes dissolved salts to the margins of the wetted soil profile, away from the active root zone. This allows crops to grow successfully even with moderately saline irrigation water.
2. Sprinkler and Micro-sprinklers cause higher evaporation losses and can cause leaf burn when using saline water, as salts accumulate directly on the leaves.
3. Open channels have very low water-use efficiency due to high seepage and evaporation losses, and can worsen salinity problems by raising the water table.
Step 3: Final Answer:
The most suitable irrigation system for water scarcity and salinity challenges is Drip application, corresponding to option (D).
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