Question

Which among the following enzymes enables integration of the retroviral genome into the host genome?

• A. DNA polymerase
• B. RNA polymerase
• C. Reverse transcriptase
• D. Cysteine protease

Hint:

Reverse Transcriptase flows backward: RNA $\rightarrow$ DNA (instead of DNA $\rightarrow$ RNA).

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Step 1: Concept
Retroviruses, like HIV, have an RNA genome that must be converted into DNA to integrate into the host's DNA.

Step 2: Analysis
The enzyme responsible for converting viral RNA into complementary DNA (cDNA) is Reverse Transcriptase.

Step 3: Reasoning
While the enzyme "Integrase" specifically performs the physical insertion, "Reverse Transcriptase" is the hallmark enzyme that makes the genome compatible for integration.

Step 4: Conclusion
In the context of the options provided, Reverse Transcriptase is the essential enzyme for the retroviral integration process. Final Answer: (C)