In PCR, each cycle doubles the amount of DNA, leading to exponential amplification. The key to success in PCR is using a heat-stable polymerase enzyme like Taq polymerase.
Definition: Transgenic animals are those that carry a foreign gene that has been deliberately inserted into their DNA and is passed on to the next generation.
Key Points: The inserted gene may come from the same species or a different species. The purpose is to alter traits, produce medically useful products, or study gene functions. The transgene becomes a permanent part of the animal’s genetic material and is inherited by its offspring.
Examples: Transgenic mice for studying cancer and genetic disorders. Transgenic cows that produce human proteins in milk. Transgenic pigs for organ transplantation research. Transgenic goats producing therapeutic proteins.
