Step 1: Understanding Rhesus monkey.
Rhesus monkey is an Old World monkey widely used in medical and biological research. It belongs to genus Macaca.
Step 2: Taxonomic classification.
Its scientific classification places it in order Primates and family Cercopithecidae.
Step 3: Identifying correct species name.
The correct binomial nomenclature for Rhesus monkey is Macaca mulatta.
Step 4: Evaluating other options.
Macaca fascicularis is crab-eating macaque, Macaca radiata is bonnet macaque, Macaca fuscata is Japanese macaque.
Step 5: Biological importance.
Rhesus monkeys are important in immunology due to Rh factor discovery.
Step 6: Final conclusion.
Thus, correct answer is Macaca mulatta.