Question

The Karaka theory defines which relation between a noun and a verb?

• A. Phonetic relation
• B. Semantic relation
• C. Morphological relation
• D. Orthographic relation

Hint:

Kāraka theory → Semantic roles of nouns in relation to a verb

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Concept:
The Kāraka theory, developed in Pāṇinian grammar, explains the semantic roles played by nouns in relation to the action expressed by a verb.
Step 1:Meaning of Kāraka.}}
The term Kāraka refers to the semantic relationship between a noun and the action of the verb in a sentence.
Step 2:Types of Kārakas.}}
Panini identifies several types of Kārakas, such as:

• Kartā – The agent performing the action
• Karma – The object receiving the action
• Karaṇa – The instrument of the action
• Sampradāna – The recipient
• Apādāna – The point of separation
• Adhikaraṇa – The locus of the action

Step 3:Role in sentence structure.}}
These relationships describe how nouns semantically relate to the verb rather than merely their grammatical case endings. Conclusion:
Thus, the Kāraka theory defines the semantic relation between a noun and a verb in a sentence.